一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
I first began experiencing anxiety and depression at the age of 14， after being bullied （欺凌） at school for years． While at first anxiety and depression would come and go， it eventually became a constant part of my life．
I was so eager to find the solution to overcoming my anxiety and depression that I tried everything from when I was in college to graduate school： mood-changing medication， special teas， yoga， anything I read about in books， and advice given by doctors． Despite this， I still felt I hadn't even come close to managing the problem．
But one afternoon， my eyes fell upon an article in a magazine I was reading that talked about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety and depression． The very next day， I decided to get a dog-a corgi． When I brought my little corgi， Buddy， home． I didn't realize how much he would change my life． It didn't happen right away， however．
Once the "puppy excitement" went away， my anxiety and depression came back as usual． One morning， I woke up with those familiar feeling again． I didn't want to get out of bed． I turned to pull the covers back over my head and give up． That's when I saw Buddy．
Buddy started jumping all over me， licking my face， letting me know that it was time to go outside． It was as if he were saying， "There's no time to be sad； the world is amazing!" And for the first time in my life， my life was changing． I really was a new person． This was my new beginning．
It's been more than a year since that day， and I've never spent another morning unable to get out of bed． I've not cried myself to sleep or spent my days stuck with fear and regret． Sure， I still have days when I feel sad or anxious． But with Buddy， my best friend， by my side， I've finally learned how to manage these feelings and emotions．
1.According to the first two paragraphs， the author ______ ．
A. has been a school bully for years
B. suffered from depression since college
C. tried many ways to fight depression but nothing worked
D. felt less depressed after taking medication and doing yoga
2.How did the author know having a dog might help with her depression？ ______
A. a doctor put it forward to her．
B. She read it in an article by chance．
C. She heard it from some other depression sufferers．
D. She found out herself after spending some time with a corgi．
3.How does the author feel in the last paragraph？ ______
A. hopeful B. Anxious C. Confused D. Doubtful
【答案】
| 【小题1】C | 【小题2】B | 【小题3】A |
2．B．细节理解题．根据第三段中的"But one afternoon， my eyes fell upon an article in a magazine I was reading that talked about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety and depression．"可知，作者是偶然在一篇文章中了解到宠物狗可能有助于缓解抑郁症的，故B项正确．
3．A．观点态度题．根据最后一段中的"Sure， I still have days when I feel sad or anxious． But with Buddy， my best friend， by my side， I've finally learned how to manage these feelings and emotions．"可知，虽然作者有时还会感到悲伤或焦虑，但有最好的朋友巴迪在身边，作者终于学会了如何处理这些情绪，由此可知作者对处理抑郁是感到有希望的，故A项正确．
本文讲述了身患抑郁和焦虑症的我努力很久都没有解决问题，知道偶然间尝试养了一只宠物狗，在它的陪伴下作者渐渐学会了管理情绪．
首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．
B
British scientists have discovered the willow trees planted at an angle could increase sugars for biofuel production．
Willow is a fast-growing species． It is already used to produce fuels for the renewable heating and power market． In future it could also help to produce biofuel to power vehicles． It has been known that when willows growing in the wild are blown sideways， they tend to produce more sugars． But for a while it has not been known why this happens．
Researchers at Imperial College London， led by Dr Nicholas Brereton and Dr Michael Ray of the Department of Life Sciences， have now solved the mystery． When the tree is blown sideways， its genes （基因） produce large numbers of sugar molecules （分子） to straighten the tree upwards．
"This is an important breakthrough． Our study now shows that natural genetic changes are related to these differences． And this could well be the key to unlocking the future for green energy from willow，" said Dr Brereton．
The research was carried out under lab conditions． The willows were grown at an angle of 45 degrees． They were compared to willows which grow naturally straight upwards． The team then looked for the same effect among the willows growing on the Isle of Orkney where strong winds cause the trees to bend at extreme angles． They discovered that the Orkney trees produce five times the amount of sugars found in willows grown in sheltered conditions．
Willow is widely planted across the UK． The results show that biofuel crops such as willows could be grown in climatically changeable conditions where chances of growing food crops are limited．
The study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels．
4.What may happen when willows are planted in strong winds？ ______
A. They stop growing． B. Few sugars are produced．
C. They try to grow sideways． D. Changes in genes take place．
5.The Orkney willows ______ ．
A. are unusually rich in sugars
B. grow naturally straight upward
C. look taller than ordinary willows
D. are stronger than those growing in labs
6.Farmers living in changeable climate ______ ．
A. use biofuel for heating and power
B. are encouraged to grow biofuel crops
C. can plant different kinds of food crops
D. should make their willows grow straight
7.Where does this passage most probably come from？ ______
A. A personal diary． B. A travel magazine．
C. A scientific journal． D. A newspaper advertisement．
【答案】
| 【小题1】D | 【小题2】A | 【小题3】B | 【小题4】C |
2．A．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段中的"They discovered that the Orkney trees produce five times the amount of sugars found in willows grown in sheltered conditions．"可知，奥克尼柳树生产的糖分是在遮风挡雨条件下生长的柳树的五倍，也就是非常富含糖分，故A项正确．
3．B．推理判断题．根据最后一段中的"The results show that biofuel crops such as willows could be grown in climatically changeable conditions where chances of growing food crops are limited"可知，结果表明，生物燃料科作物可以在气候多变、粮食作物生长机会有限的条件下种植，由此可知，生活在气候多变地区的农民被鼓励种植燃料科作物，故B项正确．
4．C．文章出处题．通读全文，特别是根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分，属于科学研究范畴，最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故C项正确．
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分．
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
C
Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street？ Perhaps they were busy talking， texting or checking updates on We Chat without looking at what was going on around them． As the number of this new "species" of human has kept rising， they have been given a new name-phubbers （低头族）．
Recently， a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight． In the short film， phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones． a doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die， a pretty woman takes selfe in front of a car accident site， and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone， a chain of similar events eventually leads to a series of destruction．
Although the ending sounds overstated， the damage phubbing can bring is real．
Your health is the first to bear the consequence （后果） of it． "Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck，" Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying． "The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching．" Also， staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually， according to the report．
But that's not all． Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family． At reunions with family or friends， many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere， Qilu Evening News reported．
It can also cost you your life． There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death， suffered accidents， and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight．
8.For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Para． 2？ ______
A. To advertise the cartoon made by students．
B. To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing．
C. To show the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers．
D. To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients．
9.Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may take？ ______
A. His social skills could be affected．
B. He will cause a lot of destruction．
C. His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed．
D. He might get separated from his friends and family．
10.Which of the following may be the author's attitude towards phubbing？ ______
A. Opposed． B. Supportive． C. Objective． D. Optimistic．
11.What will the passage most probably talk about next？ ______
A. Consequences of phubbing．
B. People addicted to phubbing．
C. Advice on how to use a cell phone．
D. Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing
【答案】
| 【小题1】B | 【小题2】B | 【小题3】A | 【小题4】D |
2．B．细节理解题．根据第四段中的"Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck…"及第五段中的"But that's not all． Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family．"可知，低头族的社交技能会受到影响，颈椎和视力也会受损害，而且还可能与家人和朋友分开，只有B项未提及，故B项正确．
3．A．观点态度题．根据文章内容，特别是最后一段中的"u your life．"可知，很多低头族付出了生命的代价，由此可知作者对低头族持反对态度，故A项正确．
4．D．推理判断题．根据最后一段"It can also cost you your life…"可知，很多低头族付出了生命的代价，带来了很多社会问题，因此接下来作者会介绍如何减少低头族风险的措施，故D项正确．
本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，作者通过描述低头族过度使用手机所带来的危害，提醒我们恰当使用手机．
本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，题目涉及多道主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题．做题时学生应仔细阅读原文，把握文章主要内容，联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义，从中选出正确答案，一定要做到有理有据，切忌胡乱猜测，如本文的第一题，学生需要找出作者对人们使用手机的具体描述进行作答．
D
Thanks to exchange programmes an increasing number of young students are following educational courses in foreign countries． The Erasmus Programme， which started in 1987， is a European Union student exchange programme． It provides opportunities for young people from Europe to study in a foreign country for shot An intercontinental version of the programme， known as Erasmus Mundus， has existed since 2003， providing non-Europeans the opportunity to study in Europe．
Student's name： Paul Dupont
Erasmus trip： Lyon-Aberdeen
| Time： in 2007 | Cool! What an amazing time that was! We had joy， we had fun， we had seasons in the sun! To me， Erasmus means discovering a completely new lifestyle You live together with new friends in a different country． Sorry， the heating system in our apartment was horrible and the food was strange， but hey…anyhow． It's amazing! | |
| Student's name： Beatrice Giletti Erasmus trp： Verona-Du blin Time： in 2008 | I went to Dublin， in Ireland． It was a great discovery， which opened up the world to me and I made many friends from different countries and cultures． The experience changed my life． I felt richer， smarter and happier after my time on Erasmus． My English became almost fluent and I knew so much about the world and about the people who live in it…Internationality has become part of my life， and I could not imagine living or working in a non-multicultural or non-multinational environment． | |
| Student's name： Wilmie Boot Erasmus trip： Rotterdam-Naples Time： in 2009 | When I first arrived， the first of the city of Naples struck me and I loved it from the first second! The language is a beautiful mixture of Italian， Greek， Latin， Spanish and the influences of the villages surrounding Naples． I have wonderful memories of my year in the Universita Federico Ⅱ in Naples and the time spent in our dormitory， where I was the only foreigner among the Italian students． If I were to do it all over again， I wouldn't change a thing！ | |
A. Student Exchange programmes． B. World-wide Programmes．
C. Educational Programmes． D. Continential Programmes．
13.What do you know from the passage？ ______
A. Erasmus Mundus lasts for nearly 32 years up to now．
B. Beatrice Giletti went to Dublin from Rotterdam．
C. Erasmus Mundus lasts for 16 years up to now．
D. Paul Dupont studies together mostly with Italians．
14.Paul Dupont thought highly of the Erasmus Programme except ______ ．
A. seasons in the sun B. a completely new life
C. living with new friends D. the apartment heating
15.Which of the following is NOT true according to the text？ ______
A. People in the city of Naples speak many languages．
B. Beatrice's lifestyle was greatly changed after her experience in Dublin．
C. Naples was so beautiful that Wilmie Boot loved it at the first sight．
D. If Wilmie had a choice again， she would choose no other places than Naples．
【答案】
| 【小题1】A | 【小题2】C | 【小题3】D | 【小题4】B |
2．C．细节理解题．根据第一段中的"known as Erasmus Mundus， has existed since 2003， providing non-Europeans the opportunity to study in Europe．"可知，Erasmus Mundus是2003年创立的，至今已经有16（2019-2003）个年头了，故C项正确．
3．D．细节理解题．根据第一栏中的"Sorry， the heating system in our apartment was horrible"可知，他认为公寓的供热系统很糟糕，故D项正确．
4．B．细节理解题．根据第二栏中的"The experience changed my life． I felt richer， smarter and happier after my time on Erasmus．"可知，在柏林的经历使Beatrice的生活发生了很大的改变，她变得更快乐，而不是让她的生活方式发生了很大的变化，故B项正确．
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了伊拉莫斯交换生项目和几名交换生的相关信息．
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Social Phobia It is natural to feel nervous， or shy in front of others at times． Most people manage to get through these moments when they need to． (1) It's probably more than shyness． It may build up into a powerful fear． As a result， people feel uncomfortable participating in everyday social activities． This is called social phobia （also called social anxiety）．
(2) It prevents them from chatting with friends in the lunch time， joining an after-school club， or going to a party． Sometimes， they even feel too nervous to ask a question in class or go to a teacher for help． Social phobia not only prevents people from trying new things． It also prevents them from making the normal， everyday mistakes that may help people improve their skills even further．
It is really sad， isn't it？ But the good news is that people with social phobia can learn to manage fear， develop confidence and communicating skills and stop avoiding things that make them nervous． Of course it's not always easy． Dealing with social phobia takes the willingness patience and courage to face fears． (3)
Therapists （治疗师） can help people create a plan for facing social fears and build the skills and confidence to overcome it． And family or friends are especially important for them． (4) They can encourage them to pick a small goal to aim for， remind them to go for it， and be there when they might feel discouraged．
Little by little， someone who decides to deal with extreme shyness can learn to be more comfortable． (5) As shyness and fears begin to melt， confidence and positive feelings build． Pretty soon， the person is thinking less about what might feel uncomfortable and more about what might be fun．
A． Friends can overcome their fears easily．
B． But for someone， the anxiety can be extreme．
C． They are not able to make eye contact with classmates．
D． Social phobia makes people lonely or disappointed over missed opportunities．
E． Each small step forward helps build enough confidence to take the next small step．
F． It also takes an action to go forward rather than back away when feeling shy．
G． The support from those key people helps them gather the courage to try something new．
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
【答案】
| 【小题1】B | 【小题2】D | 【小题3】F | 【小题4】G | 【小题5】E |
2．D．推理判断题．根据本空后的"It prevents them from chatting with friends in the lunch time， joining an after-school club， or going to a party．"可知，它阻止他们在午餐时间和朋友聊天、参加课外俱乐部或聚会，此处应该提到一种社交障碍，故D项（社交恐惧症让人对错过的机会感到孤独或失望）符合语境．故选D．
3．F．推理判断题．根据本空前的"Dealing with social phobia takes the willingness patience and courage to face fears．"可知，处理社交恐惧需要有意志力、耐心和勇气去面对恐惧，此处承接上文，故F项（当感到害羞时，也要采取行动往前走而不是后退）符合语境．故选F．
4．G．推理判断题．上文提到了治疗师、家人和朋友能够帮助你处理社交恐惧，此处承接上文，说的是这些人对你的帮助，故G项（这些关键人物的支持帮助他们鼓起勇气尝试新事物）符合语境．故选G．
5．E．推理判断题．根据本空前的"Little by little， someone who decides to deal with extreme shyness can learn to be more comfortable．"可知，渐渐地，一个决定克服嫉妒害羞的人会变得更自在，此处是说小进步的意义，故E项（每向前迈出一小步有助于建立足够的信心迈出下一小步）符合语
紧张对每个人来说都都是正常的，但有些人太过了．文章还提到过渡紧张带来的一些负面影响．
考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断．
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Two brothers， Ruby and Harry lived in Spain． They(21) for years to buy their mom a very special Christmas present this year： a BWM 3Series．
"Showing (22) to our beautiful Mum who's worked so hard to (23) us everything in life，" Ruby， 30， told the media． "Compared to the (24) she has made for us over the years， this is nothing．" He said the (25) had been in the works for years．
"My mother wanted a BMW ten years ago， which we never (26)，" he said． "We said that one day we would get her one and we(27) a little each week knowing one day we would be able to get her (28) car．"
Ruby and his brother Harry saved for about five years(29) they bought the car． Their mother appears (30)， saying "no" over and over again as the two brothers(31) her to the garage to have a look at a silver BMW．
"She was just very surprised and couldn't (32)it，" he said． "We were sure she(33) loved it．"
They gave her the car as an early Christmas gift， but also as a (34) to say thank you． It will(35) their mom's current one．
"She(36)us two brothers and worked two jobs for most of her life to(37) us in school and give us everything we (38)，" Ruby said． "We watched her go from her (39) job on Friday， get changed and(40) the weekend at a restaurant．"
He added， "Maternal love is the most selfless love under the sun and we just thought it would be nice to show how grateful we are for everything and remind ourselves that thankfulness is a virtue．"
21. A. waited B. traded C. saved D. desired
22. A. concern B. appreciation C. respect D. understanding
23. A. instruct B. tell C. promise． D. offer
24. A. efforts B. progress C. opportunity D. atmosphere
25. A. contribution B. achievement C. surprise D. passion
26. A. minded B. forgot C. abandoned D. witnessed
27. A. made up B. paid off C. worked out D. put away
28. A. dream B. previous C. fixed D. repaired
29. A. since B. until C. after D. before
30. A. confused B. satisfied C. shocked D. disappointed
31. A. called B. walked C. attracted D. drove
32. A. believe B. reject C. afford D. accept
33. A. gradually B. unconditionally
C. eventually D. absolutely
34. A. model B. result C. symbol D. signal
35. A. replace B. change C. block D. match
36. A. brought up B. depended on C. took in D. gave out
37. A. leave B. keep C. allow D. teach
38. A. knew B. owned C. listed D. needed
39. A. well-paid B. smartly-dressed
C. full-time D. long-sought
40. A. work B. enjoy C. arrange D. expect
【答案】
| 【小题1】C | 【小题2】B | 【小题3】D | 【小题4】A | 【小题5】C |
| 【小题6】B | 【小题7】D | 【小题8】A | 【小题9】D | 【小题10】C |
| 【小题11】B | 【小题12】A | 【小题13】D | 【小题14】C | 【小题15】A |
| 【小题16】A | 【小题17】B | 【小题18】D | 【小题19】C | 【小题20】A |
1．C．考查动词及语境理解．A． waited 等待；B． traded交易；C． saved 攒钱；D． desired想要．兄弟俩赞了多年的钱为母亲买了一个特别的圣诞礼物--宝马3系，故C项正确．
2．B．考查名词及语境理解．A． concern 关心；B． appreciation感激；C． respect尊敬；D． understanding理解．Ruby说送母亲这个礼物是为了表达对她努力工作以提供他们生活中的一切的感激之情，故B项正确．
3．D．考查动词及语境理解．A． instruct 指导；B． tell告诉；C． promise承诺；D． offer提供．母亲努力工作是为了给孩子提供生活中的一切，故D项正确．
4．A．考查名词及语境理解．A． efforts 努力；B． progress 进步；C． opportunity机会；D． atmosphere气氛．Ruby说和母亲这些年来所做的努力相比，他们做的实在不值一提，故A项正确．
5．C．考查名词及语境理解．A． contribution贡献；B． achievement成就；C． surprise惊讶、惊喜；D． passion激情．他说这个惊喜已经酝酿很多年了，惊喜指的就是为母亲买了一个特别的圣诞礼物--宝马3系，故C项正确．
6．B．考查动词及语境理解．A． minded 提醒；B． forgot 忘记；C． abandoned 放弃；D． witnessed见证．根据上文兄弟俩送母亲宝马3系可知，兄弟俩从没忘记母亲十年前就想买台宝马的愿望，故B项正确．
7．D．考查动词短语及语境理解．A． made up编造；B． paid off 付清；C． worked out 算出；D． put away储存．根据上文兄弟俩赞了多年的钱可知，他俩每周都存一点钱，故D项正确．
8．A．考查形容词及语境理解．A． dream梦想的；B． previous以前的；C． fixed 固定的；D． repaired修好的．母亲十年前就想买台宝马，因此兄弟俩存钱是为了给母亲买台梦想中的汽车，故A项正确．
9．D．考查连词及语境理解．A． since自从；B． until直到；C． after在……之后；D． before在……之前．在给母亲买车之前兄弟俩大概攒了五年的钱，故D项正确．
10．C．考查形容词及语境理解．A． confused迷惑的；B． satisfied满意的；C． shocked 震惊的；D． disappointed失望的．根据本空后的"saying "no" over and over again"可知，母亲一遍遍地说"no"，这表明她对兄弟俩的做法感到很震惊，故C项正确．
11．B．考查动词及语境理解．A． called叫；B． walked带某人去；C． attracted 吸引；D． drove赶．根据本空后的"her to the garage to have a look at a silver BMW．"可知，兄弟俩带母亲去车库看那台银色的宝马车，故B项正确．
12．A．考查动词及语境理解．A． believe 相信；B． reject拒绝；C． afford负担得起；D． accept接受．
根据本空前的"She was just very surprised"可知，母亲很惊讶，不敢相信这是真的，故A项正确．
13．D．考查副词及语境理解．A． gradually 逐渐；B． unconditionally 无条件地；C． eventually最终；D． absolutely绝对地．拥有宝马车是母亲多年的愿望，兄弟俩确信母亲绝对喜欢这台车，故D项正确．
14．C．考查名词及语境理解．A． model模型；B． result结果；C． symbol象征、标志；D． signal信号．上文说兄弟俩给母亲买宝马车是为了对母亲表示感激之情，因此这台车不只是圣诞礼物，也是作为向母亲表示感谢的象征，故C项正确．
15．A．考查动词及语境理解．A． replace代替；B． change改变；C． block阻挡；D． match匹配．根据本空后的"their mom's current one．"可知，这台宝马将代替母亲现在的车，故A项正确．
16．A．考查动词短语及语境理解．A． brought up 抚养；B． depended on依靠；C． took in吸收；D． gave out分发．根据本空后的"us two brothers and worked two jobs for most of her life to"可知，母亲抚养兄弟俩，大部分时间都做两份工作让他们得以留在学校读书，故A项正确．
17．B．考查动词及语境理解．A． leave离开；B． keep 保持、保留；C． allow允许；D． teach教．母亲大部分时间都做两份工作让兄弟俩得以留在学校读书，故B项正确．
18．D．考查动词及语境理解．A． knew 知道；B． owned 拥有；C． listed列出；D． needed需要．母亲给兄弟俩需要的一切，故D项正确．
19．C．考查形容词及语境理解．A． well-paid 待遇优厚的；B． smartly-dressed穿着得体的；C． full-time专职的、全日制的；D． long-sought寻求已久的．上文说母亲做两份工作，此处是说母亲周五结束了全职工作，然后周末去一家餐馆上班，故C项正确．
20．A．考查动词及语境理解．A． work工作；B． enjoy 享受；C． arrange安排；D． expect期望．周末母亲去一家餐馆继续工作，故A项正确．
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了兄弟俩为表达对母亲的感激之情攒钱为她买了一台她梦想多年的宝马3系，这让母亲大吃一惊，兄弟俩表示和母亲多年的含辛茹苦相比，这份礼物不算什么．
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41.The story goes (1) two friends are walking through the desert． During some point of the journey they have (2) argument， and one friend beats the other one in the face．
The one is hurt， but (3) saying anything， he writes in the sand： "Today my best friend beats me in the face．"
They keep on walking (4) they find an oasis （绿洲） and they decide to take a bath． The one who (5) （ beat） gets stuck in the mire （泥潭） and starts to sink， but (6) （ fortune） the friend saves him．
After he recovers from the near (7) （ drown）， he writes on a stone： "Today my best friend saves my life．"
His friend asks him， "When I hurt you， you wrote in the sand， but now you write on a stone． Why？"
He (8) （ reply）： "When someone hurts us， we should write it down in the sand， the winds of (9) （ forgive） can rub it away． But when someone does something good to us， we must carve (10) on a stone， therefore， no wind can ever erase it．"
Learn to write your hurts in the sand and to engrave your benefits on the stone．
【答案】【小题1】that
【小题2】an
【小题3】without
【小题4】until/till
【小题5】has been beaten/was beaten
【小题6】fortunately
【小题7】drowning
【小题8】replies
【小题9】forgiveness
【小题10】it
【解析】1． that．考查同位语从句．根据句意：故事是这样的：两个朋友正在穿越沙漠．分析句子结构可知此处为同位语从句，that引导的从句解释story的内容，故填that．
2． an．考查冠词．根据句意：在旅途的某个时刻，他们发生了争吵．argument是以元音音素开头的可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填an．
3． without．考查介词．根据句意：这个人受伤了，但什么也没说，他在沙子上写了"今天我最好的朋友打了我的脸"．此处用without表示"没有做……"，故填without．
4． until/till．考查连词．根据句意：他们继续走，直到找到一片绿洲，他们决定洗个澡．此处表示"直到"，故填until/till．
5． has been beaten / was beaten．考查时态语态．根据句意：被打的那个人陷入泥潭并开始下沉．The one 与beat之间是被动关系，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，也可以用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响，故填has been beaten / was beaten．
6． fortunately．考查副词．根据句意：幸运的是，那个朋友救了他．修饰整个句子用副词，表示"幸运的是"，故填fortunately．
7． drowning．考查非谓语动词．根据句意：从溺死的边缘恢复过来后，他在石头上刻下：今天我最好的朋友救了我的命．作动词短语recovers from的宾语用动名词，故填drowning．
8． replies．考查时态和主谓一致．根据句意：他回答说：当有人伤害了我们，我们应该把它写在沙子上，宽恕之风可以把它擦去．文章的基础时态为一般现在时，主语是He，谓语用第三人称单数，故填replies．
9． forgiveness．考查名词．根据句意参考上题解析，作介词of的宾语用名词，故填forgiveness．
10． it．考查代词．根据句意：当别人做了对我们做好的事情时，我们应该把它刻在石头上，这样就没有风可以将它抹去．此处指代someone does something good to us，故填it．
本文是一篇记叙文，用一个小故事告诉我们当有人伤害了我们，我们应该把它写在沙子上，宽恕之风可以把它擦去，当别人做了对我们好的事情时，我们应该把它刻在石头上，这样就没有风能将它抹去．
在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Hi， Tom! Very glad to learn that you're interested in many kinds of sports activity． Since sports are important for students' health， our school builds a large playground and a gym which there are all kinds of sports equipment． They do morning exercises every day and take P．E． classes every week． What's more， we play a variety sports after class． Most of us enjoy playing the basketball， volleyball and table tennis． As for me， play football is my favourite． I was a member of the school football team and we practise it a lot regular． I do hope you like it， either， and we can play it together some day later．
【答案】Hi， Tom! Very glad to learn that you're interested in many kinds of sports activity． Since sports are important for students' health， our school builds a large playground and a gym which there are all kinds of sports equipment． They do morning exercises every day and take P．E． classes every week． What's more， we play a variety ∧sports after class． Most of us enjoy playing the basketball， volleyball and table tennis． As for me， play football is my favourite． I was a member of the school football team and we practise it a lot regular． I do hope you like it， either， and we can play it together some day later．
详解：
1． activity改为activities，考查名词．句意：很高兴得知你对很多体育运动感兴趣．many修饰可数名词复数，故activity改为activities．
2． builds改为built或has built，考查时态．句意：我们学校建了一个大的运动场和体育馆，那里有很多体育设备．根据语境可知，"建造"这一动作发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，也可以用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响，故builds改为built或has built．
3． which改为where或在which前加in，考查定语从句．句意参考上题解析，先行词为gym，从句中缺少地点状语，故which改为where或在which前加in．
4． They改为We，考查代词．句意：我们每天都做早操，每周都上体育课．此处表示"我们"，故They改为We．
5． variety后加of，考查固定搭配．句意：更重要的是，我们课后做各种各样的运动．a variety of表示"各种各样的"，故在variety后加of．
6．删掉 the，考查冠词．句意：我们中的大多数人喜欢打篮球、排球和乒乓球．玩某种球类不用冠词，故删掉the．
7． play改为playing，考查非谓语动词．句意：对我来说，踢足球是我最喜欢的．作主语用动名词，故play改为playing．
8． was改为am，考查时态．句意：我是足球队的一员，我们经常练习．文章基础时态为一般现在时，故was改为am．
9． regular改为regularly，考查副词．句意参考上题解析，修饰动词practise用副词，故regular改为regularly．
10． either改为too，考查副词．句意：我希望你也喜欢它．either用于否定句，too用于肯定句，故either改为too．
【解析】本文是一封信，作者向Tom介绍了学校体育运动的一些情况，并希望能够和他一起踢足球．
1先通读全文．认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意．注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致．
2．聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，分句（注意以句子为单位而不是以行为单位）对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）．
3．再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确．一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲．在自己认为正确的行后划勾，并且校对其他行改正的符号是否准确，大小写是否拼写正确（这点同学们很容易忽视）．如果某一行有两种改错方式要推敲哪一种是最佳改法．
六、单词拼写-单句（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
43.You' re likely to realize your dream， but there's also______ （可能性） for you to fail even if you work rather hard．
【答案】possibility
【解析】答案：possibility
考查名词．根据所给的汉语提示"可能性"和空前的系动词is可知，此处应用名词单数形式作表语，"可能性" 的英语是possibility，故填possibility．
你很可能实现你的梦想，但即使你很努力，你也可能失败．
翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化．
44.One of the______ （挑战） tasks that all governments are facing now is how to develop economy rapidly without harming the environment．
【答案】challenging
【解析】答案：challenging
考查形容词．根据所给的汉语提示"挑战"和空后的名词tasks可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，"挑战"的英语是challenging，故填challenging．
各国目前面临的挑战之一是如何在不损害环境的前提下快速发展经济．
翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化．
45.The great scientist did a lot of______ （科学的） researches without stopping， finally he succeeded in finding the efficient approach to cure the disease．
【答案】scientific
【解析】答案：scientific
考查形容词．根据汉语提示"科学的"以及空后的名词"researches"可知，此处为形容词，英语中形容词"科学的"为scientific，故填scientific．
这个伟大的科学家不停地做了很多的研究，最终他成功找到了治疗这个疾病的有效方法．
形容词是中学英语的重要语法，解题时首先要根据语境和逻辑来推断出空所需要的词性，或者是根据句子结构的需要来推断词性，然后根据所给的汉语提示写出正确答案．
46.The doctors advice has______ （加强） my determination to get rid of the bad habit of staying up too late in the evening．
【答案】strenghtened
【解析】答案：strengthened
考查谓语动词．根据汉语提示"加强"以及空前"has"可知，此处为谓语动词，并且本句为现在完成时，此处应使用过去分词，英语中动词"加强"为strenghten，故填strengthened．
医生的建议加强了我改掉晚上熬夜这个坏习惯的决心．
本题考查谓语动词，解题时首先要根据语境和逻辑来推断出空所需要的词性，或者是根据句子结构的需要来推断词性，然后根据所给的汉语提示及时间状语判断时态，从而写出正确答案．
47.Recently， the government is considering a suggestion that______ （青少年） should be banned from driving at night．
【答案】adolescents/teenagers
【解析】答案：adolescents/teenagers
考查名词．根据汉语提示"青少年"以及句子结构可知，此处为从句主语，英语中青少年为"adolescent/teenager"．adolescent/teenager是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填adolescents/teenagers．
最近，正在考虑禁止青少年夜间开车这个建议．
名词是中学英语的重要语法，解题时首先要根据语境和逻辑来推断出空所需要的词性，或者是根据句子结构的需要来推断词性，然后根据所给的汉语提示写出正确答案．
48.My cousin gave me a detailed______ （描述） of what he had heard and seen when he came back from the sightseeing trip．
【答案】description
【解析】答案：description
考查名词．根据汉语提示"描述"以及空前形容词"detailed"详细的可知，此处应填名词，英语中名词描述为"description"，短语a description of表示"描述"，故填description．
观光旅游回来后，我的表哥给我详细描述了他的所见所闻．
名词是中学英语的重要语法，解题时首先要根据语境和逻辑来推断出空所需要的词性，或者是根据句子结构的需要来推断词性，然后根据所给的汉语提示写出正确答案．
49.After working and living in Beijing for some time， the Smiths have become______ （永久的） Beijing citizens．
【答案】permanent
【解析】答案：permanent．考查翻译填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入permanent，形容词作定语修饰名词词组Beijing citizens．
在北京生活和工作了一段时间后，史密斯夫妇已成为北京的永久居民．
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．
50.Maria has served our family______ （忠诚地） for a decade， and I think she is a good and honest friend of ours．
【答案】faithfully/loyally
【解析】答案：faithfully/loyally．考查翻译填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入faithfully/loyally，修饰动词served用副词，故填faithfully/loyally．
玛利亚为我们家忠心耿耿服务了十年，我认为她是我们忠实的好朋友．
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．
51.If your dream is to become an excellent______ （钢琴家）， wouldn't you have rather tried and failed than not tried at all？
【答案】pianist
【解析】答案：pianist
考查名词．根据汉语提示"钢琴家"以及空前形容词"excellent"可知，此处为名词，英语中名词"钢琴家"为pianist，故填pianist．
如果你的梦想是成为一名优秀的钢琴家，你会不会宁愿尝试过而失败，而不是根本不尝试？
名词是中学英语的重要语法，解题时首先要根据语境和逻辑来推断出空所需要的词性，或者是根据句子结构的需要来推断词性，然后根据所给的汉语提示写出正确答案．
52.She had a hatred for her father at that time but she______ （最后） came to understand him and his strong love for her．
【答案】eventually/finally
【解析】答案：eventually/finally
考查副词．根据汉语提示"最后"以及句子结构，此处为副词，修饰整个句子，副词"最后"英语为eventually或finally，故填eventually/finally．
那时候她憎恨她的父亲，但她最后理解了父亲以及父亲对她浓烈的爱．
副词是中学英语的重要语法，解题时首先要根据语境和逻辑来推断出空所需要的词性，或者是根据句子结构的需要来推断词性，然后根据所给的汉语提示写出正确答案．
53.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums，art______（收藏品），theatres and parks．
【答案】collections
【解析】答案：collections
考查名词．因为and连接并列的结构，根据所给的汉语提示"收藏品"和and前后的museums，theatres，parks可知，此处应用名词复数形式，"收藏品"的英语是collection，例如：Museums have now been shamed out of selling the treasures from their collections．博物馆现在已经深感羞愧，不再变卖他们收藏的珍宝了．故填collections．
伦敦最大的历史财富是博物馆、艺术收藏品、剧院和公园．
翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化．
54.George's calmness and wisdom made a very good______ （印象）on us， so we chose him as our group leader．
【答案】impression
【解析】答案：impression．考查翻译填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入impression，leave a good impression on sb表示"给某人留下好印象"，故填impression．
乔治的冷静和智慧给我们留下了很好的印象，我们选他为组长．
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．
55.She went to Oxford University for her further education．______ （同时）， most of her friends got well-paid jobs．
【答案】Meanwhile
【解析】答案：Meanwhile
考查副词．根据所给的汉语提示"同时"和句子结构可知，此处应用副词作时间状语修饰句子，"同时"的英语是meanwhile，故填Meanwhile．
她去牛津大学进一步深造，同时，她的大多数朋友都找到了待遇优厚的工作．
翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化．
56."Please keep me well______ （通知） of what happens，" he said before he hung off．
【答案】informed
【解析】答案：informed
考查过去分词．根据所给的汉语提示"通知"和前面的keep可知，此处是非谓语动词，"通知"的英语是inform与其逻辑主语me是被动关系，所以应用动词的过去分词形式，keep sb informed of sth表示"让某人知道某事"，故填informed．
他在挂断电话前说："请随时让我知道发生的事"．
翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化．
57.She was quite all right except for some minor______ （外伤） to her face．
【答案】injuries
【解析】答案：injuries
考查名词．根据所给的汉语提示"外伤"和空前的形容词minor可知，此处应用名词形式，"外伤"的英语是injury且为可数名词，结合前面的some可知应用复数形式，故填injuries．
除了脸部受点小伤，她一切都很好．
翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化．
七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
58.假定你是李华，就读于某寄宿中学，常和父母用英语交流．寒假临近，你的父母计划全家一起旅游，来信征求你的意见．你给父母写封邮件说明你的建议．内容包括：
1． 出行时间； 2． 出行地点； 3． 你的期望．
注意：1． 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；
2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
Dearest dad and mum，
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Dearest Dad and Mum，
Very delighted to know we are planning a trip in the coming winter vocation． As my school days will be over in 10 days， I suggest we should set out for Beijing on the first day of my holidays【高分句型一，宾语从句的虚拟现象】． We will stay in our capital for a week and have a good view of her before coming back for the Spring Festival．【要点一，出行时间和地点】
As is well-known， Beijing is a beautiful city with a long history and has many places of interest to visit【高分句型二，As引导非性定语从句】． I have great expectation to visit many historical sites， such as the Summer Palace， the Forbidden City， the Great Wall， and the Tian'anmen Square， to watch the flag-raising ceremony． I also want to eat Beijing Roast Duck．【要点二，作者的期望】
I can't wait to have this wonderful trip．
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】As my school days will be over in 10 days， I suggest we should set out for Beijing on the first day of my holidays．由于我的学习日将在10天内结束，我建议我们在假期的第一天动身去北京．宾语从句的虚拟现象．
【高分句型二】 As is well-known， Beijing is a beautiful city with a long history and has many places of interest to visit．众所周知，北京是一座历史悠久、风景秀丽的城市，有许多名胜可供游览．As引导非性定语从句．
英语写作是一项主观性较强的测试题．它不仅考查学生的写作基础而且还考查学生在写作过程中综合运用语言的能力．在撰写时要注意主谓语一致，时态呼应，用词贴切等．要提高英语写作水平，需要两方面的训练：一是语言基础方面的训练，要有扎实的造句、翻译等基本功，即用词法、句法等知识造出正确无误的句子；二是写作知识和能力方面的训练以掌握写作方面的基本方法和技巧．
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