
题型有:1. Why can the woman hardly understand that an inventor earns money from the invention?2. What may the court ask the sued person to do?3. What is the purpose of Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights?4. How does a valid time span of a patent influence the inventor?
1.
A.Piracy is an easy thing to commit.
B.Invention usually needs heavy cost.
C.Patent is useful but not practical.
D.Inventions are difficult to spread.
正确答案:A
解析:女士开头就表达了自己的疑惑:因为任何人都可以复制和销售某种发明,发明者怎么赚钱呢?A是对她困惑的原因的同义表达。 知识模块:听力
2.
A.Solve the conflicts privately with the inventor.
B.Give the inventor some compensation.
C.Buy the patent from the real inventor.
D.Give all the fake commodities to the inventor.
正确答案:B
解析:B中的compensation是明确听到的,就是答案。通过预读选项,根据动词原形及宾语中的inventor可知,动作发出者应该是“盗版者”。注意听提及的其他人的动作。 知识模块:听力
3.
A.To encourage the inventors to go to civil courts.
B.To make sure the patent is valid for 20 years.
C.To have an agreement with the inventors.
D.To earn money from the invention.
正确答案:B
解析:选项都是不定式短语,可见题目问目的或原因。男士说世贸组织已经达成一个与贸易有关的知识产权协议,旨在确保专利的有效期是20年,故选B。 知识模块:听力
4.
A.The inventor decides who the expired patent goes to.
B.The inventor may strive for a longer valid time span.
C.The inventor will try hard to sell his products faster.
D.The inventor will hesitate when giving his data to the public.
正确答案:C
解析:关键是抓听到对话末尾男士提到的inventors make and sell goods faster,选项C是其近义改写。 知识模块:听力
听力原文:M: Hi, Queenie, how are you enjoying yourself at university?W: Hi, Jack, it’s a lot of work. But I am having a good time. Are you planning to attend college next year? M: Yeah. Can you tell me what facilities they have for disabled students? My wheelchair doesn’t always allow me to get into buildings. W: You should inquire at Student Services.[5]They can discuss your medical history with you confidentially and make allowances. My friends Shannon and Rosie use computers to do their exams, so in your case, I’m sure it would not be a problem. M: What about the wheelchair access? W:[6]The newer buildings have elevators and wide doors, but the older buildings have not been upgraded to accommodate handicapped people as far as I know. What faculty are you planning to go into? M: I am thinking of doing engineering.W: Hmm. Engineering is in the old Adams building. I don’t know if there is an elevator. M: Do the buses that go out to campus have facilities to bring wheelchairs on board? W: Yes, that I know for sure. A11 the buses are equipped with electronic lifts, and there are seats that fold back. M: What about the sidewalks? W: I think most of the sidewalks have been leveled at the corners, so you could probablyyou’re your wheelchair, but I am not sure. In fact, if you would like, why don’t you come with me? I’ll be taking the bus and I could show you around once we got there. M: That’s really nice of you, Raphel. I’d really like that. W: Okay, I will come to your house about 8:30 in the morning and we can take the commuter train into town, then catch the bus up to the university. M: Great, I look forward to it.5. What would the Student Services do with the man?6. What are the differences between the new teaching buildings and the old ones, according to the woman?7. What is the feature of buses that go to the campus?8. What’s the purpose of Queenie’s appointment with Jack?
5.
A.Privately talk with him about his illness and help.
B.Talk with him about his plan for his bachelor’s degree.
C.Thoroughly examine his family background.
D.Ask someone to take care of him at university.
正确答案:A
解析:由于男士是残疾学生,学生服务处会跟他私下商谈如何帮助他,因此A为答案,privately是录音中confidentially的同义词。 知识模块:听力
6.
A.All the seats in the new buildings are fold back.
B.All the new buildings are higher than the old ones.
C.The new buildings are equipped with elevators while old ones aren’t.
D.The new buildings are for new faculties while old ones are for traditional ones.
正确答案:C
解析:录音在对新旧建筑进行比较时只提到了elevators and wide doors,因此含elevators的C为答案。男士关心的是自己坐着轮椅能否出入教学楼,女士也应该围绕这方面提供信息。 知识模块:听力
7.
A.There are no facilities for the disabled.
B.Electronic lifts are installed on them.
C.The drivers are irresponsible for the driving.
D.There are voluntary workers on them.
正确答案:B
解析:B为录音中equipped with electronics lifts的同义表达。观察选项,根据各选项的关键词可预测问题是关于车辆的情况,听到buses时应该注意后面的信息。 知识模块:听力
8.
A.To have someone fix his computer.
B.To train him how to take exams.
C.To help him with his house-cleaning.
D.To be his guide around the campus.
正确答案:D
解析:D为录音中show…around的同义表达。 知识模块:听力
Section B
听力原文: One of the complaints of city residents, not surprisingly, is the lack of parking. This problem is partly caused by all the abandoned cars on the streets. It has been estimated by A to Z Towing Inc., a nationwide tow-truck agency, that over one million cars are abandoned on the streets and alleyways of the nation’s cities. Each year, approximately a third of those cars are removed and destroyed. The rest of the cars, which are not removed, take up parking spaces and make neighborhoods look run-down. A survey of twenty cities by A to Z reports that as much as 30 million dollars is spent annually to tow away and dismantle abandoned vehicles. One city alone, Los Angeles, spends five million dollars a year to control the accumulation of abandoned cars on its streets. Even though the city spends so much money on the program, it is always fighting a losing battle as more and more cars are constantly coming off the production line. On the other hand, Boston, which spends most of its money on museums and libraries, does not appropriate tax money to clean abandoned cars off the streets. In Boston the problem has been dealt with by a non-profit government agency called Street Horizons, which uses the money from the recycling of metal in the cars to pay for the cost of towing them. The program in Boston sounds good although it has not completely reached financial independence from the federal government yet. Until a truly self-sufficient program for removing old cars is developed, it will remain a serious problem. 9. What is the problem with abandoned cars?10. What does A to Z Towing Inc. say about the abandoned cars?11. How has Boston dealt with the abandoned cars?
9.
A.They encourage more homeless people.
B.They are a safety hazard.
C.They take up parking spaces.
D.They destroy the neighborhoods.
正确答案:C
解析:录音开篇就指出城市居民经常抱怨停车场地少,其中一个原因就是由街上被抛弃的旧车所致,故C为正确答案。 知识模块:听力
10.
A.Over a million abandoned cars are towed from the streets each year.
B.One third of the nation’s cars are abandoned in the streets.
C.About two thirds of the abandoned cars aren’t removed.
D.Cities spent little to control the accumulation of abandoned cars.
正确答案:C
解析:短文提到,A to Z Towing Inc.估计有100多万辆车被遗弃在大街小巷,每年大约有1/3被拖走或销毁,剩下的车没有拖走。由此可知没拖走的车所占比例约为2/3,故C正确。选项D的little与短文接下来提到的各个城市花费了大量的金钱来处理abandoned cars不符。 知识模块:听力
11.
A.By spending tax money to clean abandoned cars off the street.
B.By towing them with the money from the recycling of metal in the cars.
C.By making it lawless to abandon old cars.
D.By spending most of its money on abandoned cars.
正确答案:B
解析:在波士顿,这一问题由一家名为Street Horizons的非赢利性机构通过回收利用废旧汽车来解决,故B为正确答案。 知识模块:听力
听力原文: During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in the body: the body’s oxygen consumption is reduced: the heart beat decreases: muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. The restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself, but it has a calming effect on the consciousness. How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion. A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal American Psychologist said that simply sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body as meditation does. Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree. These experts believe that more structured techniques, such as meditation lead to a condition of deep relaxation. The debate goes on, but one thing appears to be clear the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there. One day, one method may work best: on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate. Once you are aware of all the methods, you can find the one that works best for you. Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, self-analysis and progressive muscle relaxation. Although these techniques may not, in the end, produce more of a relaxation response than just sitting quietly in a chair, they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals.12. What will happen when a person is in a state of deep “relaxation”?13. What did Dr. David Holmes say about “relaxation” in American Psychologist?14. What do the opponents of Dr. David Holmes believe?15. What does the speaker think of “relaxation techniques” such as meditation?
12.
A.The body will take in more oxygen.
B.The heart will beat more frequently.
C.Muscles will become tense and the body will sweat easily.
D.The consciousness will become more or less calmed.
正确答案:D
解析:短文列举了relaxation给身体带来的一系列变化,然后总结说:“这种放松状态……还能对意识起到镇定的效果。”因此D为答案。 知识模块:听力
13.
A.To achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various means.
B.Sitting in an armchair can reflect one’s character.
C.Sitting in an armchair benefits a person just as meditation does.
D.What people are all struggling for is a state of deep relaxation.
正确答案:C
解析:短文提到,堪萨斯州大学的Dr.David Holmes最近在发表于American Psychologist上的一篇报告中说:“仅仅是坐在扶手椅上就能得到无异于冥想给人体带来的益处。”A是说话者自己的观点;B利用characteristics作干扰:而D在录音中并未提及。 知识模块:听力
14.
A.More structured techniques make people deeply relaxed.
B.Meditation is the only way leading to relaxation.
C.Progressive muscle exercise is against relaxation.
D.Debating is effective to find ways of relaxation.
正确答案:A
解析:Dr.David Holmes的观点出现,听到了其他研究者disagree,则应留意听他们所持的相反观点。A是录音原文的同义表达。 知识模块:听力
15.
A.They only have effect on real patients.
B.They are more or less effective for most people.
C.They are the best methods ever found.
D.They are far less helpful than sitting quietly.
正确答案:B
解析:结尾处speaker指出:一旦你知道这些方法,就总会找到适合自己的锻炼方法;而且这些方法在身体组织和身心锻炼方面更有益处,所以对于大多数人而言更为有益。由此推断B正确。A、C在录音中均未提及;D与录音原文相悖。 知识模块:听力
Section C
听力原文: You’ve probably seen encyclopedias. Whether you’re settling an argument or researching a school project, these books can hold the answers. These days though, the world moves so fast, it’s hard for books that were written months or years ago to keep up. Thankfully we have a new kind of encyclopedia that’s online, free, built by thousands of people and changes every day. This household name is: Wikipedia. The idea that thousands of volunteers could create an online encyclopedia doesn’t sound possible, but thanks to new technology and specific policies, Wikipedia has become one of the top 5 sites on the Web. The site is run by a not-for-profit foundation with a goal to provide everyone on the planet access to the sum of all human knowledge. To see how it works, let’s get started with the “wiki” in Wikipedia. A wiki is a kind of website that allows users to make changes to any page. They simply click, edit, make the change, and then save the page to share it with the world. This basic concept allows volunteers to contribute information on any subject in Wikipedia. And because Wikipedia is a website, there is no limit to the number of topics it can cover. Being a wiki means that Wikipedia is always changing. When someone notable passes away, Wikipedia is updated. When news breaks, Wikipedia grows. It all works because tens of thousands of volunteers contribute, and also enforce rules to ensure Wikipedia remains a reliable source for factual information. These users, like any member, can see changes as they happen on each article. For example, if someone posts an advertisement on Wikipedia, which is forbidden, volunteers can easily reverse the change to maintain the article’s integrity. This means every change to Wikipedia is reviewed and must observe two big rules. The first is verifiability, which is necessary to ensure high quality. For this reason, Wikipedia articles must rely on information from published sources like books or newspapers—resources known for fact-checking. Requiring contributors to cite these resources in articles and quotations ensures Wikipedia articles are factual and high quality. If it’s not verified, it can’t be in Wikipedia. The second rule requires a neutral point of view. All Wikipedia materials must be presented fairly and without bias, just like any other encyclopedia. This means Wikipedia is not a place for contributors to share their own opinions. It’s these two rules and the volunteers who uphold them that make Wikipedia a reliable resource that grows each day. And you can be involved in the process of building a free encyclopedia—the largest encyclopedia in human history. 16. What can we learn about Wikipedia from the talk?17. What can users do in a wiki?18. What will probably happen when an advertisement is posted on Wikipedia?19. What is the second rule of Wikipedia?
16.
A.It limits the number of topics it can cover.
B.It is a new kind of encyclopedia about books.
C.It is a very famous not-for-profit foundation.
D.It aims at providing all human knowledge.
正确答案:D
解析:录音在对维基百科的介绍中提到,这个网站由一个非盈利性机构(not-for-profit foundation)经营,目的是为地球上的所有人提供所有与人类有关的知识(provide...access to the slim of all human knowledge),因此D项“它旨在提供所有与人类有关的知识”为正确答案。录音中提到,维基百科这个网站不话题的数量,因此A项“它它可以涵盖的话题的数量”与录音内容相反。维基百科的话题不受限,它不仅仅是关于书本的网上百科,所以B项“它是一种关于书的新型百科全书”不正确。录音讲的是维基百科由非营利性机构经营,它本身是一个网站,并非机构,因此C项“它是非常有名的非营利性机构”也不正确。 知识模块:听力
17.
A.Change the editing rule of Wikipedia.
B.Learn about the breaking news.
C.Make sure Wikipedia is reliable.
D.Make changes to any page.
正确答案:D
解析:录音中提到,维基(wild)是一种允许用户修改页面的网站,D项“对任何网页进行修改”是该处信息的录音原词,为正确答案。A项“修改维基百科的编辑原则”曲解了录音内容的原意,用户能修改的只是页面内容,但修改时必须遵守两大原则(two big rules,即verifiability和a neutral point of view),这些原则不是用户能改变的。B项“了解一些突发新闻”利用了“一旦出现突发新闻,维基百科条目就会更新”这一内容来设置干扰项,与问题无关。C项“确保维基百科是可靠的”是无数志愿者在更新维基百科信息时希望达到的一个目标,因此也不正确。 知识模块:听力
18.
A.The volunteers will edit it.
B.The volunteers will delete it.
C.The person posting it will reverse it.
D.The person posting it will be punished.
正确答案:B
解析:录音提到,假如有人在维基百科上贴了广告(这是不允许的),志愿者可轻易撤消这一操作,从而维持文章公正性,因此B项“志愿者会删除它”为正确答案。录音提到,如果有人在维基百科贴广告,志愿者会撤消“贴广告”这一操作,即删除该条广告,而不是编辑广告本身的内容,因此A项“志愿者随后会撤消广告”这一说法不正确。录音中没有提及贴广告的人在维基百科贴广告之后会怎么样,因此C项“贴广告的人会撤消它”和D项“贴广告的人会被惩罚”都缺乏录音依据。 知识模块:听力
19.
A.All contributors must share their own opinions.
B.The materials should be like those of other encyclopedias.
C.All materials presented on Wikipedia must be neutral.
D.Users must build Wikipedia into the largest encyclopedia.
正确答案:C
解析:录音靠后部分提到,第二个规则是保持中立(a neutral point of view)。所有维基条目必须像其他百科全书一样保持中立态度,因此C项“所有呈现在维基百科的材料都必须是中立的”为正确答案。录音提到,维基百科不允许贡献者发表个人的观点,因此A项“所有贡献者必须发表他们自己的观点”与录音原文相矛盾。录音中说的是所有维基条目必须像其他百科全书一样保持中立态度,B项“材料应该和所有其他百科全书一样”曲解文意。D项“贡献者必须把维基百科建成最大的百科全书”利用了录音的最后一句“维基百科是人类历史上最大的百科全书”来设置干扰项,这并非问题问的第二条规则。 知识模块:听力
听力原文: A new study has found evidence of aggressive behavior in children who drink four or more servings of soft drinks every day. Information for the study came from the mothers of 3,000 5-year-olds. Researchers asked the women to keep a record of how many servings of soft drinks their children drank over a two-month period. The women were also asked to complete a checklist of their children’s behavior. The researchers found that 43 percent of the boys and girls drank at least one daily serving of soda, 4 percent of the youngsters had four or more sodas to drink every day. Shakira Suglia is with Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. She worked on the study with researchers from the University of Vermont and Harvard University School of Public Health. She says they found that children who drank the most soda were more than two times as likely as those who drank no soda to show signs of aggression. “For the children who consumed four or more soft drinks per day, we see an association between aggressive behaviors, attention problems and withdrawn behaviors.” The aggressive behaviors included destroying possessions belonging to others, taking part in fights and physically attacking people. Shakira Suglia says the researchers identified the link after they considered socio-demographic factors like the child’s age and sex. They also considered other possible influence, such as whether the boys and girls were eating sweets or given fruit drinks on a normal day. In addition, the researchers examined parenting styles and other social conditions that might be taking place in the home. Doctor Suglia says it’s not clear why young children who drink a lot of soda have behavior problems. “We can’t prove that this is a direct cause and effect relationship, having said that, there are a lot of ingredients in soda, a lot of ingredients that have not been examined in relation to behavior.” A substance often found in soft drinks is caffeine, which helps to make people feel energized. Doctor Suglia suggests that caffeine could be causing the 5-year-olds to be more aggressive. The research is part of a large study called the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. It follows 5,000 poor mothers and their children in 20 American cities. Earlier studies of young adults have found the highest sugar levels in those who carry weapons and show signs of negative social behaviors. 20. What did Shakira Sugha’s study find?21. What did the researchers examine before they identify the link in the research?22. What did earlier studies find in young adults?
20.
A.Boys and girls drink four sodas a day.
B.Soda increases the likelihood of aggression.
C.Sweets cause more attention problems.
D.Caffeine makes people feel energized.
正确答案:B
解析:学者Shakira Suglia说研究人员发现喝汽水最多的儿童比不喝汽水的儿童表现出攻击性的可能性要大一倍。因此B项“汽水增加攻击行为的可能性”为正确答案。录音中提到,研究者发现43%的男孩和女孩每天至少喝一次汽水,4%的青少年每天喝4瓶或以上的汽水,因此A项“男孩和女孩每天喝四瓶汽水”不正确。C项“甜食会导致更多的注意力问题”利用了录音后半部分关于研究员在得出结论之前考量的另一个因素“吃甜食”来设置干扰项。D项“咖啡因会使人们感到精力充沛”是咖啡因的特性,不是研究结果,故D项也不正确。 知识模块:听力
21.
A.Social factors.
B.Parenting styles.
C.The parents’ age.
D.Home condition.
正确答案:B
解析:Shakira Suglia说研究员是在分析了社会人口统计因素比如孩子的年龄和性别之后发现了这一关联。他们同时还考虑了其他可能的影响,比如男孩和女孩是否每天吃甜食或者喝果汁。除此之外,研究员考察了家长的教养方式(parenting styles)和其他可能在家里出现的社会条件(other social conditions)。因此B项“家长的教养方式”为正确答案。A、C两项利用了social和age这两个录音原词来制造干扰,但录音说的是“社会人口统计因素”和“小孩的年龄”,而非A项的“社会因素”和C项的“父母的年龄”。D项“居家情况”没有在录音中提到。 知识模块:听力
22.
A.There might be a link between sugar levels and negative social behaviors.
B.Those with lower sugar levels have the same negative social behaviors.
C.Caffeine is the key factor causing the young adults to be more aggressive.
D.Those raised up by poor mothers have more negative social behaviors.
正确答案:A
解析:录音最后提到,早前进行的针对年轻成年人的研究发现那些携带武器并且有消极社会行为迹象的青年血糖水平最高,因此A项“血糖水平和消极的社会行为之间可能有关联”是那些研究的发现,为正确答案。录音中只提到那些携带武器并且有消极社会行为迹象的青年血糖水平最高,并未提及关于低血糖水平的年轻人表现如何,因此B项“那些血糖水平低的青年有一样的消极社会行为”不正确。C项“咖啡因是使青年变得更有攻击性的关键因素”利用了录音中关于“咖啡因使五岁儿童更具攻击性”的表述设置干扰项,可以排除。录音提到Sugua的研究是一个规模更大的研究的其中一部分,该研究的对象包括了5000名贫穷的母亲,这个大型研究并不是本题所问的早前的研究(earlier studies),故“贫穷的母亲”这一信息与本题所问的研究结果无关,因此排除D项。 知识模块:听力
听力原文: Today, we’ll continue our discussion of the school life at Harvard. Each year, Harvard students have to pay for the high tuition fees. Fortunately, the University provides students with many employment opportunities. Even before the students come to campus,[23]the Student Employment Office at Harvard will send freshmen some information regarding working at Harvard, given that many students choose to work as soon as they start their new life at Harvard. There are both term-time and summer employment opportunities for students. The jobs are available at the Student Employment Jobs Database, from which students can find a variety of jobs, both on-campus and off-campus. In addition to searching for jobs through the jobs database, there are many other ways to find jobs. Some employers will also post their employment information on the website of Student Employment Office. Some students work consistently over the course of the year, averaging between eight and twelve hours a week. Other students work periodically and have secured jobs that allow them great flexibility in their work schedules. Students work on and off campus, on the Federal Work Study Program or on Regular payroll. Students may work at a given job as long as they are students at Harvard, and may work more than one job at a time. Students must be paid for hours worked on a weekly basis. Undergraduates may not work more than 20 hours per week while enrolled and 40 hours per week when classes are not in session. Graduate students may work up to twenty hours a week. Students are required to report hours worked two ways: electronically or by submitting a paper time card. Students are paid weekly by check or direct deposit. All earnings are subject to federal, state, and local taxes. If you are more interested in academic research, you can join in the Faculty Aide Program. The program encourages professors to hire undergraduate research assistants. It provides opportunities for undergraduates to become closely involved in the ongoing research of a Harvard faculty member. Faculty Aide Awards are granted to the faculty member directly. Approved applicants are awarded one $1,500 grant for the academic year or summer term to be used by one student or divided among several.23. What service does the Student Employment Office provide to Harvard students?24. What can we learn about the working hours of undergraduates at Harvard?25. What can we learn about the Faculty Aide Program from the talk?
23.
A.Summer employment opportunities.
B.A website for posting information.
C.Job information at Harvard.
D.Database for students’ tuition.
正确答案:C
解析:录音开头提到,哈佛大学会给学生提供很多工作机会,甚至在开学前,哈佛大学的学生就业办公室就会给新生们寄去了有关在哈佛工作的信息(information regarding working at Harvard),因此C项“在哈佛工作的信息”为正确答案。录音提到,不管在学期内还是在暑假,学生都有工作的机会,但讲话人并未说这些工作是学生就业办公室提供给学生的,因此A项“暑期的工作机会”不正确。录音提及的是一些雇主会在学生就业办公室的网站上发布招聘信息,而不是向学生提供“可发布信息的网站”,故排除B项。录音提及的数据库是为学生提供工作信息的,与学费无直接关系,因此D项“学生学费的数据库”也不正确。 知识模块:听力
24.
A.They may work more than 40 hours per week.
B.They may not work over 40 hours per week in holiday.
C.They should submit a paper time card about their work.
D.They can only report their working hours electronically.
正确答案:B
解析:录音的中后部分提到,本科生在开学注册后每周工作时间不得超过20小时,假期每周工作时间不得超过40小时。因此B项“在假期的时候他们每周工作不得超过40小时”为正确答案,B中的in holiday是录音中when classes are not in session的同义表达。A项“他们的工作时间每周可以超过40小时”与录音内容相反。录音提到,学生要通过以下两种方式报告工作时长:提交电子版或提交纸质时间卡,二者选其一即可,因此C项“他们应该提交关于他们工作的纸质时间卡”和D项“他们只能通过电子的方式汇报工作的时长”都不恰当。 知识模块:听力
25.
A.It provides students chances to participate in academic research.
B.It encourages professors to hire full-time research assistants.
C.It receives a grant of $1,500 from Harvard University.
D.It encourages students to apply for summer-term positions.
正确答案:A
解析:录音末尾处提到,教师助手计划鼓励教授雇用本科生做研究助手,为本科生提供机会,让其更深入地参与哈佛教师正在进行的研究。因此A项“它为学生提供参与学术研究的机会”为正确答案。教师助手计划鼓励教授雇用本科生做研究助手,而不是雇用全职研究助手,B项错在full-time。根据录音,得到1500美元奖金的是学生,而不是Faculty Aide Program,故C项“它从哈佛大学里得到1500美元的奖金”不正确。D项“它鼓励学生申请暑期职位”利用了录音最后一句的summer term设置干扰项,但它并非Faculty Aide Program所做的事情。 知识模块:听力
