
Computer-Aided Design
The current interaction between participants in a construction project requires much time and is often a cause of mistakes and misunderstandings. Improvement of this interaction may therefore contribute to an improvement of the construction process as a whole. The lack of interoperability is the main problem behind such interaction drawbacks. In this paper, an infrastructure for a technology transfer model, namely Shared Computer-Aided Structural Design (sCAsD) model, is developed. It is built upon three basic building blocks: the Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP, ISO-10303) Parts 104 and 107, the CIMsteel Integration Standard (CIS/2.0) resources, and the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) standard that is being developed by the International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI). The sCAsD model is an extension for the structural domain/view of the IFC model, providing professional standardization within the synergy effect of the IFC. The model infrastructure is explained and discussed in terms of model schemata. In addition, model feasibility is studied within two assessments for model schemata and model realization in the construction industry. The former assessment has verified the robustness and effectiveness of the model through using a model interface in data handling within an application of an integrated earthquake simulation. Meanwhile, the assessment of model realization has validated the roadmap of model implementation in the construction industry through IAI. The model has been accepted as a formal IAI project, namely ST-7, and is being supported by IAI Japan chapter.
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Problem statement
3. Model infrastructure
3.1. Dynamic analysis schema
3.2. Finite element model schema
3.3. Structural analysis results schema
3.4. Relationships schema
4. Model assessment
4.1. Model schemata assessment
4.2. Model realization assessment
5. Concluding remarks
Acknowledgements
References
information systems with project teams using ethnographic–action research Original Research Article
Advanced Engineering Informatics
Architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) projects are characterized by a large variation in requirements and work routines. Therefore, it is difficult to develop and implement information systems to support projects. To address these challenges, this paper presents a project-centric research and development methodology that combines ethnographic observation of practitioners working in local project organizations to understand their local requirements and the iterative improvement of information systems directly on projects in small action research implementation cycles. The paper shows the practical feasibility of the theoretical methodology using cases from AEC projects in North America and Europe. The cases provide evidence that ethnographic–action research is well suited to support the development and implementation of information systems. In particular, the paper shows that the method enabled researchers on the cases to identify specific problems on AEC projects and, additionally, helped these researchers to adapt information systems accordingly in close collaboration with the practitioners working on these projects.
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. AEC projects and information systems today
3. Implementation and development challenges for AEC information systems
4. Ethnographic–action research
5. Information system implementation and development with ethnographic–action research
6. Information systems to support construction sequencing
7. Information systems to support the coordination of building system design and construction
8. Implications
9. Limitations, boundary conditions, and outlook
10. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
An integrated systems engineering approach to aircraft design Review Article
Progress in Aerospace Sciences
Group Support System (GSS) is a set of techniques, software and technology designed to focus and enhance the communication, deliberations and decision-making of groups. The thousands of GSS experimental studies and field studies that have been conducted in the past 2 decades demonstrate that GSS is successful in improving the efficiency, reliability and quality of the group decision-making process in meetings. This paper aims to introduce the application of GSS to support Value Management (VM) studies so as to improve the implementation of VM in the construction industry. It begins with an introduction to VM and the problems of implementing VM in construction, e.g. lack of information, lack of participation and interaction and difficulties in conducting evaluation and analysis. This is followed by a description of a GSS framework for VM studies and a specific GSS prototype system to illustrate how this framework can provide support in discussion, information, collaboration and decision analysis to overcome the existing problems in VM studies. The trial run of the prototype by professionals and the benefits of using the proposed system in VM studies have also been discussed in detail.
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Problems of implementing VM studies in construction
2.1. Lack of information
2.2. Lack of participation and interaction
2.3. Difficulty of conducting evaluation and analysis
3. Design of a GSS for VM studies in construction
3.1. Technologies used in the proposed system
3.2. IVMS—a prototype GSS for VM studies
3.2.1. Discussion support
3.2.2. Information support
3.2.3. Collaboration support
3.2.4. Decision analysis support
4. Trial run of the GSS in a VM study
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
integrated methodology for evaluating conceptual bridge design Original Research Article
Expert Systems with Applications
process standardization in the development of software will improve the efficiency of the development project by the virtues of applying a learned procedure and tight controls. Past research, however, is inconclusive in the elements that must be in place to achieve the benefits. In this study, we employ the software quality principle of flexibility as a mediator variable to determine if certain design aspects play a key role in achieving the benefits to the project of process standardization. A survey of computer professionals indicates that software flexibility is a positive influence. System designers should apply standard processes but with an eye toward quality design principles.
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Background studies and theory
2.1. Hypotheses
3. Methods
3.1. Sample
3.2. Constructs
3.3. External validity
3.4. Analytical procedures
3.5. Measurement model
4. Results
4.1. Structural model
5. Discussion
References
Engineering research projects in professional application of research results to promote the Group to provide technical support for major projects
The basic theory of bridge engineering structural engineering software Autocad Xsteel midas sap2000 design and construction specifications
Group Support System for improving value management studies in construction Original Research Article
Automation in Construction
The challenge in Aerospace Engineering, in the next two decades as set by Vision 2020, is to meet the targets of reduction of nitric oxide emission by 80%, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide both by 50%, reduce noise by 50% and of course with reduced cost and improved safety. All this must be achieved with expected increase in capacity and demand. Such a challenge has to be in a background where the understanding of physics of flight has changed very little over the years and where industrial growth is driven primarily by cost rather than new technology.
The way forward to meet the challenges is to introduce innovative technologies and develop an integrated, effective and efficient process for the life cycle design of aircraft, known as systems engineering (SE). SE is a holistic approach to a product that comprises several components. Customer specifications, conceptual design, risk analysis, functional analysis and architecture, physical architecture, design analysis and synthesis, and trade studies and optimisation, manufacturing, testing validation and verification, delivery, life cycle cost and management. Further, it involves interaction between traditional disciplines such as Aerodynamics, Structures and Flight Mechanics with people- and process-oriented disciplines such as Management, Manufacturing, and Technology Transfer.
SE has become the state-of-the-art methodology for organising and managing aerospace production. However, like many well founded methodologies, it is more difficult to embody the core principles into formalised models and tools. The key contribution of the paper will be to review this formalisation and to present the very latest knowledge and technology that facilitates SE theory. Typically, research into SE provides a deeper understanding of the core principles and interactions, and helps one to appreciate the required technical architecture for fully exploiting it as a process, rather than a series of events.
There are major issues as regards to systems approach to aircraft design and these include lack of basic scientific/practical models and tools for interfacing and integrating the components of SE and within a given component, for example, life cycle cost, basic models for linking the key drivers. The paper will review the current state of art in SE approach to aircraft design and identify some of the major challenges, the current state of the art and visions for the future. The review moves from an initial basis in traditional engineering design processes to consideration of costs and manufacturing in this integrated environment. Issues related to the implementation of integration in design at the detailed physics level are discussed in the case studies.
Article Outline
1. Introduction and background
1.1. General
1.2. Stasis in design—an over-constrained problem
1.3. Issues in multi-disciplinary optimisation and integration
1.4. SE—what is it and what can it provide
1.5. The problem statement and challenges
1.6. Approaches for these problems
2. Integration of design and analysis into SE
2.1. The current typical design process
2.1.1. Conceptual design
2.1.2. Preliminary design
2.1.3. Detail design
2.1.4. General engineering design
2.1.5. CAE tools and their role in design support
2.2. SE process
2.3. Gaps in the process
2.4. Rethinking the analysis and design process
2.5. Application of DADI in aircraft design
3. Identification and measurement of interfaces and emergent behaviour
3.1. Systems modelling to assess the system versus behavioural modeling
3.2. System characteristics and measurements
3.3. Simulation driven design environments and analysis fidelity
3.4. The technical architecture
3.5. Identifying interactions
3.6. Parameters versus constraints
3.7. Bounding the design space
3.8. Reducing emergent properties
3.9. Risk
3.10. Unspecified architectures in dynamic systems
3.11. Summary
4. Economics and digital manufacturing
4.1. Cost and SE
4.2. A life cycle view
4.3. Cost as a customer requirement
4.4. Relationship back to design: multi-disciplinary design synthesis
4.5. Cost integrated design
4.6. Approaches to cost modelling
4.7. Cost modelling at various stages of the life cycle
4.7.1. Development cost
4.7.2. Production cost: in-house
4.7.3. Production cost: procurement
4.7.4. Operations cost
4.8. Virtual product design and manufacture
4.9. Cost optimisation and design trade-off
4.10. Conclusions
5. Collaborative design and the virtual enterprise
6. Applications and case studies
6.1. Integration of aerodynamics and manufacturing for cost reduction
6.1.1. Introduction
6.1.2. Development of an optimised design to reduce nacelle manufacturing cost
6.1.3. Prediction of aerodynamic performance and cost arising from surface tolerance
6.1.4. Concluding remarks
6.2. Trade-offs and integration at conceptual design level
6.3. Aerodynamic integration of wing–pylon and nacelle
6.3.1. Introduction
6.3.2. Lift, drag and flow field
6.3.3. Factors influencing aerodynamic integration
6.3.4. Numerical simulations
6.3.5. Concluding remarks
7. Concluding remarks
References
knowledge management scheme for software engineering support and innovation Original Research Article
Journal of Systems and Software
group working in software engineering education Original Research Article
Information and Software Technology
204,149 articles found for: pub-date > 1988 and tak(((Engineering research) or projects or professional or application or (research results) or promote or Group or provide or (technical support)) and ((major projects) or (basic theory) or bridge or engineering or structural or software or Autocad or Xsteel or midas or sap2000 or design or construction or specifications))
software process standardization on software flexibility and project management performance: Control theory perspective Original Research Article
Information and Software Technology
Choosing the most suitable superstructure is vital for the success of a small to medium-span highway bridge design. Numerous attributes must be considered and evaluated in terms of many different conflicting criteria in the conceptual design of a bridge, leading to a large set of subjective or ambiguous data. Furthermore, integrating experts’ knowledge and experiences to make appropriate decisions is a commonly used method. In order to solve this problem, project managers and design engineers need to evaluate their initiative designs carefully and make accurate decisions. For this reason, a systematic decision process for selecting the best design idea by means of a novel integrated optimization-based methodology is proposed. In the first phase, Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is employed for translating the project requirements into design requirements. In the second phase, Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is utilized to select the best superstructure as an alternative, based on the weighted criteria achieved from the first phase. In this study the rating values regarding to each alternative and criteria throughout the phases are described in a fuzzy environment by means of linguistic variables. Finally, a case study is provided to illustrate the implementation process of the integrated methodology for bridge superstructure design. For this purpose, an expert team has been formed to collect and verify the expectations of the project, which located in Tehran, Iran. The results demonstrated that the proposed methodology could be successfully applied in the highway bridge projects as a useful tool to facilitate decision making.
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Literature review
3. Methodology
3.1. Fuzzy QFD
3.2. Fuzzy TOPSIS
4. Case study
4.1. Project definition
4.2. Alternatives description
4.3. Computational results
5. Conclusion remarks
Acknowledgements
References
modelling for case-based construction planning of highway bridge projects Original Research Article
Advances in Engineering Software
Structured modeling is critical to the design, development, and implementation of many systems including computer software, business processes, and data networks. Since the creation of structured models relies on the knowledge of many organizational stakeholders, groups often accomplish this task. Group support systems (GSS) focus on the support of group processes and would appear to be useful for structured modeling; however, GSS usually only provide textual or decision related output rather than the structured models needed for many design processes. This paper proposes a class of systems, structured modeling GSS (smGSS), which adds support for the development of structured models to standard GSS. Since past research has shown that research results may be difficult to compare across studies when the system under investigation is not well defined, this paper develops a product design theory that defines the required characteristics of and testable design propositions for an smGSS as derived from existing theory and empirical investigations.
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Structured modeling and collaboration
3. An IS design theory approach
4. A product design theory for an smGSS
4.1. Design product kernel theories
4.1.1. Group
4.1.2. Task
4.1.3. Context
4.1.4. Technology
4.1.5. Process
4.1.6. Outcomes
4.2. Meta-requirements for an smGSS
4.2.1. Boundaries
4.2.2. Propositions
4.2.3. Meta-requirements
4.3. Meta-design
4.4. Testable design product hypotheses
5. Conclusion
References
桥梁工程 课题研究 参与 专业 研发成果 推广 工程应用 集团 重大工程项目 提供 技术支持
桥梁工程 结构工程 基本理论 Autocad Xsteel midas sap2000软件 设计 施工 规范
modeling group support systems: a product design theory Original Research Article
Information & Management
construction planning and control draws on large-scale project and corporate data repositories, which are often unstructured. This article argues that the development of a large-scale data repository should be the precursor to any case-based reasoning system development. The article presents a large number of conceptual object models, which were developed to identify the attributes and relationships between product and planning information comprehensively, using bridges as a representative product. The models were used to develop a large information repository implemented in a database management system to facilitate real world project information collation, organisation, and management to reflect the large-scale nature of construction projects in practice. The database acts as a source of cases and sub-cases that are retrieved and mapped into a case-base. These cases are considered individually for indexing, matching, retrieval, and validation purposes, facilitating the re-use of parts of multiple cases to construct new project plans. A prototype software model, CBRidge Planner, which was developed and tested with real world project cases to demonstrate the approach is presented.
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Related work
3. Case acquistion
4. Information modelling
4.1. The information modelling methodology
4.2. The integrated bridge project model
4.3. The bridge components object model
4.4. The main bridge components
4.5. The basic bridge components
4.5.1. In-situ concrete components
4.5.2. Other components
4.6. The task object model
4.7. The resource object model
5. The information repository
5.1. The database
5.2. Case representation
6. CBRidge planner prototype implementation
6.1. Mapping the database files to ART objects
6.2. Case retrieval, adaption, and re-use
6.3. System validation
7. Discussion
8. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
professional workstation: software system construction using DSSA scenario-based engineering process Original Research Article
International Journal of Bio-Medical Computing
This paper presents a computerized tool support, the Meetings-Flow Project Collaboration System (MFS), for designing, directing and sustaining the collaborative teamwork required in senior projects in software engineering (SE) education. Among many schools’ SE curricula, senior projects serve as a capstone course that provides comprehensive training in collaborative project development. With the focus on collaboration training, instructors of senior projects often address issues that include how to encourage collaboration and ensure that collaborative efforts are sustained throughout the project’s development. In order to help resolve these issues, the MFS takes a holistic approach. The meetings-flow concept that undergirds the MFS introduces a novel macro-level and meeting-oriented group process to guide the proceeding of the project’s collaborative work. The design of the MFS facilitates a computerized environment that helps to institutionalize and monitor such a group process. In introducing the MFS, we focus initially on the elaboration of the concept and design, after which we present and validate the system implementation and usage. We also evaluate the MFS and receive a positive result with respect to the educational issues raised in this paper. Finally, we comparatively summarize the MFS to discuss its values and the role it plays in CSCL (computer supported collaborative learning) and PBL (project-based learning) of SE education.
Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Literature review
2.1. Collaboration training in senior projects
2.2. Computer-aided collaboration training
3. The meetings-flow system (MFS)
3.1. Concept
3.1.1. Modeling substantial collaborative teamwork into meeting classes
3.1.2. Organizing meeting classes to form the meetings-flow
3.2. System design
4. Implementation result
4.1. Using the MFS
4.1.1. Creating a project and planning the meetings-flow
4.1.2. Executing the meetings-flow
4.2. Evaluation of the MFS
4.2.1. Directing and monitoring teamwork
4.2.2. Creating a positive team environment
4.2.3. Streamlining stakeholders’ involvement
4.2.4. Sustaining collaboration
4.2.5. Linking meeting performance to the grading policy
5. Summary
5.1. Comparison of related works
5.2. Validity check of the evaluation
5.3. Limitations of the MFS
6. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
design and development of a computerized tool support for conducting senior projects in software engineering education Original Research Article
Computers & Education
This paper describes a new method for the evolutionary determination of user requirements and system specifications called scenario-based engineering process (SEP). Health care professional workstations are critical components of large scale health care system architectures. We suggest that domain-specific software architectures (DSSAs) be used to specify standard interfaces and protocols for reusable software components throughout those architectures, including workstations. We encourage the use of engineering principles and abstraction mechanisms. Engineering principles are flexible guidelines, adaptable to particular situations. Abstraction mechanisms are simplifications for management of complexity. We recommend object-oriented design principles, graphical structural specifications, and formal components' behavioral specifications. We give an ambulatory care scenario and associated models to demonstrate SEP. The scenario uses health care terminology and gives patients' and health care providers' system views. Our goal is to have a threefold benefit. (i) Scenario view abstractions provide consistent interdisciplinary communications. (ii) Hierarchical object-oriented structures provide useful abstractions for reuse, understandability, and long term evolution. (iii) SEP and health care DSSA integration into computer aided software engineering (CASE) environments. These environments should support rapid construction and certification of individualized systems, from reuse libraries.
