
下表中所列化学键的键长与键能值,在大多数情况下是含有该化学键的各种不同分子中的键长和键能值的平均值。其中键能是指气相分子在25℃断开1摩尔该键所需能量。
常见化学键的键长与键能
Bond Lengths and Bond Energies of Commonly Chemical Bonds
| 化 学 键(Chemical bond) | 键 长 (Bond length) /(10-12m) | 键 能 (Bond energy) /(kJ/mol) | 化 学 键(Chemical bond) | 键 长 (Bond length) /(10-12m) | 键 能 (Bond energy) /(kJ/mol) |
| B-F | - | 4 | N-H | 101 | 3 |
| B-O | - | 515 | N-N | 145 | 159 |
| Br-Br | 229 | 193 | N=N | 125 | 456 |
| C-B | 156 | 393 | N≡N | 110 | 946 |
| C-Br | 194 | 276 | N-O | 146 | 230 |
| C-C | 154 | 332 | N=O | 114 | 607 |
| C=C | 134 | 611 | Na-Br | 250 | 367 |
| C≡C | 120 | 837 | Na-Cl | 236 | 412 |
| C-Cl | 177 | 328 | Na-F | 193 | 519 |
| C-F | 138 | 485 | Na-H | 1 | 186 |
| C-H | 109 | 414 | Na-I | 271 | 304 |
| C-I | 214 | 240 | O-H | 98 | 4 |
| C-N | 148 | 305 | O-O | 148 | 146 |
| C=N | 135 | 615 | O=O | 120 | 498 |
| C≡N | 116 | 1 | P-Br | 220 | 272 |
| C-O | 143 | 326 | P-Cl | 203 | 331 |
| C=O | 120 | 728 | P-H | 142 | 322 |
| C=O(CO2) | - | 803 | P-O | 163 | 410 |
| C-P | 187 | 305 | P=O | 138 | - |
| C-S | 182 | 272 | P-P | - | 213 |
| C=S | 156 | 536 | Pb-O | 192 | 382 |
| C=S(CS2) | - | 577 | Pb-S | 239 | 346 |
| C-Si | 186 | 347 | Rb-Br | 294 | 381 |
| Cl-Cl | 199 | 243 | Rb-Cl | 279 | 428 |
| Cs-I | 337 | 337 | Rb-F | 227 | 494 |
| F-F | 140 | 153 | Rb-I | 318 | 319 |
| H-H | 75 | 436 | S-H | 135 | 339 |
| H-Br | 142 | 366 | S-O | - | 3 |
| H-Cl | 127 | 431 | S=O | 143 | - |
| H-F | 92 | 565 | S-S | 207 | 268 |
| H-I | 161 | 298 | S=S | 1 | - |
| I-I | 266 | 151 | Se-H | 147 | 314 |
| K-Br | 282 | 380 | Se-Se | 232 | - |
| K-Cl | 267 | 433 | Se=Se | 215 | - |
| K-F | 217 | 498 | Si-Cl | - | 360 |
| K-I | 305 | 325 | Si-F | - | 552 |
| Li-Cl | 202 | 469 | Si-H | - | 377 |
| Li-H | 239 | 238 | Si-O | - | 460 |
| Li-I | 238 | 345 | Si-Si | - | 176 |
