ASTM B752-2006(2011)e2

Standard Specification for

Castings,Zirconium-Base,Corrosion Resistant,for General Application1

This standard is issued under thefixed designation B752;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

´1N OTE—Method E142was removed editorially from Section2and X1.1.2was corrected in April2011.

´2N OTE—SI units were removed editorially from Elongation heading in Table S6.1in March2012.

1.Scope

1.1This specification covers zirconium and zirconium-alloy castings for general corrosion-resistant and industrial applica-tions.

1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

2.Referenced Documents

2.1ASTM Standards:2

A802/A802M Practice for Steel Castings,Surface Accep-tance Standards,Visual Examination

E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials E10Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials E18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terials

E23Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials

E94Guide for Radiographic Examination

E165Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry

E446Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to2in.

(50.8mm)in Thickness

3.Terminology

3.1Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

3.1.1pour,n—shall consist of all material melted and cast at one time.

3.2Lot Definitions:

3.2.1castings,n—a lot shall consist of all castings produced from the same pour.

4.Ordering Information

4.1Orders for castings to this specification shall include the following,as required to describe the requirements adequately.

4.1.1Description of the castings by pattern number or drawing(dimensional tolerances shall be included on the casting drawing),

4.1.2Quantity,

4.1.3Grade Designation(see Table1),

4.1.4Options in the specification,and

4.1.5Supplementary requirements desired,including the standards of acceptance.

5.Materials and Manufacture

5.1Material for this specification shall be melted by con-ventional processes used for reactive metals.Typical methods include the consumable electrode and inductoslag melting processes.

6.Chemical Composition

6.1Pour Analysis—An analysis of each pour shall be made by the producer from a sample such as a casting or test bar that is representative of the pour.The chemical composition deter-mined shall conform to the requirements specified for the relevant grade in Table1.

6.1.1The elements listed in Table1are intentional alloying additions of elements which are inherent to the manufacture of primary zirconium,zirconium sponge,mill product or castings.

6.1.1.1Elements other than those listed in Table1are deemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table 1by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrap

1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10on

Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of

Subcommittee B10.02on Zirconium and Hafnium.

Current edition approved April1,2011.Published April2011.Originally

approved in1985.Last previous edition approved in2006as B752–06.DOI:

10.1520/B0752-06R11E02.

2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,or

contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM

Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on

the ASTM website.

Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.

additions to the pour.Therefore,pour analysis for elements not listed in Table 1shall be considered to be in excess of the intent of this specification.

6.2When agreed upon by producer and purchaser and requested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residual elements not listed in this specification.

6.3Product Analysis —A product analysis may be made by the purchaser on a representative casting from any lot.Because of the possibility of oxygen or other interstitial contamination,samples for oxygen,carbon,hydrogen,and nitrogen analysis shall be taken no closer than 1⁄4in.(6.3mm)to a cast surface except that castings too thin for this shall be analyzed on representative material.The chemical composition determined shall conform to the analysis in Table 1within the check analysis variations shown in Table 2or shall be subject to rejection by the purchaser.

6.4In the event of disagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser on the conformance of the material to the requirements of this specification or any special test specified by the purchase,a mutually acceptable referee shall perform the tests in question.The results of the referee’s testing shall be used in determining conformance of the material to this specification.

7.Heat Treatment

7.1Unless otherwise specified in the contract,all castings will be supplied in the as-cast condition except when post-weld heat treatment is required.

7.2If post-weld heat treatment is required,it shall consist of a stress relief performed at 1050650°F (565625°C)for a minimum of 1⁄2h at temperature plus an additional 1⁄2h at temperature per inch of thickness for section sizes greater than 1in.(25mm).After heat treatment,the castings should be cooled in air or in the furnace to ambient temperature unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and producer.8.Workmanship,Finish and Appearance

8.1All castings shall be made in a workmanlike manner and shall conform to the dimensions in drawings furnished by the purchaser before manufacturing is started.If the pattern is supplied by the purchaser,the dimensions of the casting shall be as predicted by the pattern.

8.2The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering mold material,scale,cracks,and hot tears as determined by visual examination.Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visual acceptance standards specified in the order.Practice A802/A802M or other visual standards may be used to define acceptable surface discontinuities and finish.Unacceptable surface discontinuities shall be removed,and their removal verified by visual examination of the resultant cavities.9.Repair by Welding

9.1If repairs are required,these shall be made using a welding procedure and operators certified to quality require-ments established by the producer.The procedures developed shall be consistent with standard practices recommended for reactive metal alloys.The producer shall maintain documenta-tion on procedure and welder qualifications.Procedure modi-fications or special arrangements shall be as agreed upon between the producer and purchaser.

9.2Weld repairs shall be considered major in the case of a casting that has leaked on a hydrostatic test or when the depth of the cavity after preparation for repair exceeds 20%of the actual wall thickness or 1in.(25mm),whichever is smaller,or when the surface area of the cavity exceeds approximately 10in.2(6500mm 2).All other weld repairs shall be considered minor.Major and minor repairs shall be subject to the same quality standards as are used to inspect the castings.

9.3The composition of the deposited weld metal shall be within the chemical requirements for each grade established in Table 1.

9.4All castings with major weld repairs shall be stress relieved after repair in accordance with 7.2.Stress relief after minor repairs is not required for grades 702C and 704C except by agreement between the producer and the purchaser.Grade 705C must be stress relieved after any weld repair.

10.Inspection

10.1The producer shall afford the purchaser’s inspector all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the material

TABLE 1Chemical Requirements A

Grade Designation,Composition,%

702C

704C 705C Zirconium and hafnium,min.

98.7.195.1Hafnium,max Iron and chro-mium,max 4.50.3 4.50.3 4.50.3Hydrogen,max 0.0050.0050.005Nitrogen,max 0.030.030.03Carbon,max 0.10.10.1Oxygen,max 0.250.30.3Phosphorus,max 0.010.01

0.01Tin

... 1.0to 2.0...

Niobium

...

...

2.0to

3.0

A

By agreement between the purchaser and the producer,analysis may be required and limits established for elements and compounds not specified in this table.

TABLE 2Check Analysis Tolerances

Element

Maximum of Range,Weight,%Permissible Variation in Check Analysis Nitrogen 0.03+0.006Carbon 0.10+0.02Hydrogen

0.005+0.001Iron and chromium 0.30+0.06Oxygen 0.25+0.05Hafnium 4.50+0.50Phosphorus 0.010+0.003Tin

1.0to

2.060.02Niobium 2.0to

3.060.015Residuals

0.10

+0.02

is being produced and furnished in accordance with this specification.Foundry inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere unnecessarily with the producer’s operations.All tests and inspections,with the exception of product analysis (6.3),shall be made at the place of manufacture,testing,or inspection unless otherwise agreed upon.11.Rejection

11.1Any rejection based on test reports shall be reported to the producer within 60days from the receipt of the test reports by the purchaser.

11.2Material that shows unacceptable discontinuities as determined by the acceptance standards specified on the order,subsequent to acceptance at the producer’s works,will be rejected,and the producer shall be notified within 60days,or as otherwise agreed upon.

12.Product Marking

12.1Unless otherwise specified,the following shall apply:12.1.1Castings shall be marked for material identification with the ASTM specification number (B752)and grade sym-bol,that is,702C,704C,or 705C.

12.1.2The producer’s name or identification mark and the pattern number shall be cast or stamped using low stress stamps on all castings.Small size castings may be such that marking must be limited consistent with the available area.12.1.3The marking of lot numbers on individual castings shall be agreed upon between the producer and the purchaser.12.1.4Marking shall be in such a position as not to injure the usefulness of the casting.

13.Keywords

13.1castings;corrosion-resistant;zirconium;zirconium alloys

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

Supplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by the purchaser.Details of the supplementary requirements shall be agreed upon between the producer and purchaser.The specified tests shall be performed by the producer prior to shipment of the castings.

S1.Radiographic Examination

S1.1The castings shall be examined for internal defects by means of X rays or gamma rays.The procedure shall be in accordance with Guide E94and types and degrees of discon-tinuities shall be judged by Reference Radiographs E446.The extent of examination and basis for acceptance shall be agreed upon between the producer and purchaser.

S2.Liquid Penetrant Examination

S2.1The castings shall be examined for surface disconti-nuities by means of liquid penetrant examination.The exami-nation shall be in accordance with Test Method E165.Areas to be inspected,methods and types of liquid penetrants to be used,developing procedure,and basis for acceptance shall be agreed upon between the producer and purchaser.

S3.Examination of Weld Preparation

S3.1Cavities prepared for welding as a result of surface discontinuities,such as cracks,open porosity,and so forth shall be examined by means of liquid penetrant examination in order to verify removal of such discontinuities.

S3.2Weld repairs that are made to eliminate discontinuities that are detected by radiography shall be re-radiographed to verify that unacceptable discontinuities have been removed.

S4.Certification

S4.1A test report shall be furnished.The test report shall contain the results of the actual chemical analysis and other tests specified by the purchaser.

S4.2Each test report shall be signed by an authorized agent of the seller or producer.

S4.3The test report shall be furnished within 5days of shipment of the castings.

S5.Prior Approval of Major Weld Repairs

S5.1Major weld repairs as defined and agreed upon be-tween the producer and purchaser shall be subject to the prior approval of the purchaser.

S6.Tension Test

S6.1Tensile properties shall be determined on material representing each pour.Properties shall be determined in the as-cast condition unless the purchase order requires the prop-erties be determined in the final condition after all heat treatments (including isostatic pressing)have been completed or unless otherwise specified in the purchase order.The results shall conform to the requirements specified in Table S6.1.S6.2Test bars may be obtained from special test blocks cast for that purpose or cut from castings processed with a lot.

TABLE S6.1Tensile and Hardness Requirements

Grade Tensile Strength,min

Yield

Strength,0.2%Offset,min

Elongation in 1in.length,min,%

Hardness,HB,max Hardness,Rockwell,max ksi MPa ksi MPa 702C 55(380)40(276)12210B96704C 60(413)40(276)10235B99705C

70

(483)

50

(345)

12

235

B99

S6.4If any test specimen shows defective machining or developsflaws,it may be discarded and another specimen substituted from the same pour.

S7.Hardness Test

S7.1Hardness shall be determined on each lot.Hardness shall be determined in the as-cast condition unless the purchase order requires the hardness be determined in thefinal condition after all heat treatments(including isostatic pressing)have been completed or unless otherwise specified in the purchase order.The results shall conform to the requirements specified in Table S6.1.

S7.2Hardness shall be determined on a sample cast for that purpose,or on a casting randomly selected from a lot.If a casting is used for a hardness sample,indentations shall be made in a surface that will not be subsequently machined. Hardness values reported shall be representative of the base metal of the castings and not of any surface contamination caused by mold-metal interactions.

S7.3Hardness tests shall be made in accordance with the requirements of Test Methods E10or E18.

S8.Hot Isostatic Pressing(HIP)

S8.1Hot Isostatic Pressing(HIP)shall be used to improve as-cast properties or remove internal defects,or both.Tempera-ture,time at temperature,and atmosphere shall be agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.

S8.2HIP may be substituted for required thermal treatment provided all requirements for that treatment are met and temperatures detrimental to the material properties are not reached.

S9.Charpy Impact Test

S9.1Charpy impact test properties shall be determined on material representing each lot.Three Charpy V-notch speci-mens shall be made from a test piece and tested in accordance with Test Methods E23.They shall be tested at room tempera-ture unless otherwise agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser and reported as absorbed energy.The condition of the sample material and the acceptance limit shall be agreed to by both the purchaser and the supplier.

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1.RATIONALE(COMMENTARY)

X1.1This specification is intended for use by purchasers or producers,or both,of reactive metal castings for defining the requirements and ensuring the properties of castings for unique corrosion-resistant applications,that is,not for commodity items which must meet all potential purchasers’requirements. X1.1.1Users are advised to use the specification as a basis for obtaining castings that will meet minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.

X1.1.2User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements,which may include,but are not limited to,those listed in Sections S1through S9.

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard.Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyfive years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.

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