
(一)一般过去时时态
(1)主要用来表示过去某一时间发生的(和现在没有联系的)动作或所处的状态,常有一个表示明确的过去的时间状语,如:the day before yesterday, yesterday, last week, three days ago, just now, at that time , in 1999等;或跟由while/when等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句;或有上下文暗示动作发生的时间是在过去
① They were in Paris three years ago. 三年前他们在巴黎
② When I was at college, I spoke three foreign languages. 上大学的时候,我讲三门外语。
③ ——Have you seen a pen I left here this morning,你看见一支笔了吗今天早上我这的。
—— Is it a black one I think I saw it somewhere. 是黑色的吗我想我在什么地方见到过。
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
① He always got up late on Sundays. 周日他总是很晚才起床。
表示客气,与过去式无关,一般用在情态动词中
① Would/Could you please give me a hand 你能帮我一下吗
(二)谓语构成
一般过去时的谓语不管主语的人称和单复数都用动词的过去式表示,动词的过去式有规则与不规则两种。规则动词的过去式在动词原形后加-ed, 不规则动词的过去式要逐个记忆。
规则动词的过去式变化方式如下:
| 情 况 | 变 化 规 则 | 例 词 |
| 一般情况 | 在动词原形后 加-ed | start→started work →worked enjoy→enjoyed finish →finished |
| 以不发音的 e 结尾的词 | 在动词后加-d | phone→phoned live →lived move→ moved hope →hoped |
| 以辅音字母+y结尾的词 | 变y为 i, 再加-ed | cry →cried carry →carried try →tried study →studied |
| 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词 | 双写该辅音字母,再加-ed | plan→planned stop →stopped |
begin → began go → went see → saw do → did get → got come →came leave →left am →was are → were give → gave have → had think → thought
一般过去时的否定式和疑问式
(1)实义动词的一般过去时的否定式和疑问式要用助动词did帮助构成。疑问句的简单回答也要用助动词。(Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t)
否定句构成: 主语 + did not (didn’t) + 动词原形…
例如:I didn’ t see your sister last Sunday. 我上星期天没看见你的姐姐。
He did not go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没有去看电影.
疑问句构成:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 …
① — Did you enjoy the film 你喜欢这部电影吗
--- Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 是的,我喜欢。/ 不,我不喜欢。
② --- Did she go back before noon 她是中午前回来的吗
--- Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 是的,她是的。/ 不,她不是。
动词be (was, were) 的一般过去时的否定句和疑问句不用助动词did,直接用 was, were提问(放在主语前面)构成疑问句,在be动词后加not
构成否定句: was not / wasn’t were not / weren’t。 回答也一样。
① Was he at home last night Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
② Were you in Class 1, Grade 3 last year Yes, I was , / No, I wasn’t.
过去进行时
过去进行时时态
(1)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。
常用的时间状语有:this morning,the whole morning,all day, from nine to ten,this time yesterday, at that time, at six o’clock last night, from six to ten
① What were you doing at 9 last night 你昨晚九点在干什么
② When he came in,we were talking about the problem.
当他进来的时候,我们正在讨论这个问题。
③ My father was working in the study the whole morning.
我父亲整个早上都在书房工作。
(2)与一般过去时连用
过去进行时常与一般过去时连用。when引导的从句表示一个短暂的时间点,谓语用一般过去时,表示某个时间点,某人正在做什么事;例句 ① ②
while引导的句子表示一段持续的时间,谓语用过去进行时,表示某个时间点,某人同时在做什么事,例句 ③ ④
① When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was shining.
当我到达山顶的时候,太阳正在高照。
② Was she having a shower when you left home你离家的时候她是不是在洗澡
③ While I was waiting for you,I saw a car accident.
我在等你的时候,看见了一场车祸。
④ Laura was making coffee while Peter was washing his car in the garage.
劳拉在烧咖啡而彼得在车库洗车。
另外when引导的从句放在主句后面时,常常表示“正好此时”, “突然” 的意思。
I was doing my homework when it began to rain.
三、过去进行时与一般过去时比较
过去进行时表示在过去某个特定时间内正在进行的动作,强调动作的持续性;
一般过去时表示过去曾经发生过某事,是个单纯的过去事件,一个结束了动作。
① My brother was downloading some music yesterday afternoon.
我弟弟昨天下午在下载一些音乐。(昨天下午一直在下载,可能仍没结束)
My brother downloaded some music yesterday afternoon.
我弟弟昨天下午下载了一些音乐。(已下载完了)
② The football players were walking out of the rest room when I arrived.
当我到达的时候,足球运动员正从休息室里走出来。(强调动作当时正在持续)
The football players walked out of the rest room when I arrived.
当我到达的时候,足球运动员正从休息室里走出来。(动作已经结束)
(1)用括号的动词过去式填空
______(travel) to Beijing by air last summer.
good friend ______(give) me a nice birthday present last week.
mother ______(be) born in Shanghai 30 years ago.
______(not borrow) any books from the library yesterday.
5. ---______(be) you in Guangzhou last week --- Yes, I ______(be).
6. --- Where ______(do) you ______(work) three years ago
--- I ______at the village school. (work)
(2) 句型转换
按要求变换句型,每格只准填一个单词。
1. It was Women's Day yesterday. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______ ______it yesterday
2. My grandpa stayed there for twenty years. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ he ______there
lived with her parents. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______Annie ______with
4. He often walked to school last year. (改为同义句)
He often ______to school ______ ______last year.
用所给动词的正确形式填空(一般过去时,过去进行时,现在进行时,一般现在时)
train ______(reach) the station and Paula ______(get) off. Two friends of hers __________________(wait) to meet her
2. What______Jack______(do) when the phone ______(ring)
(watch) TV at eight yesterday evening
: Was Jane busy when you went to see her
B: Yes, she __________________(study).
5. Look ! The children__________________(play) on the ground.
6. The old man ___________ (read) newspaper every day
7. Where ______she ______ (live) when she was a girl
