(1)合并 subject 表和 student表
SELECT * FROM subject UNION SELECT * FROM student; SELECT * FROM subject UNION ALL SELECT * FROM student;
子查询 EXISTS ——>true false
EXISTS / NOT EXISTS 子查询条件成立则显示父查询的结果,否则不显示结果
(1)子查询条件为真 (grade 表中 gradeid 1~5,存在 1)
SELECT subjectName,GradeID FROM subject WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM grade WHERE GradeID=1);
或
SELECT subjectName,GradeID FROM subject WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM grade WHERE GradeID=999);
(2)子查询条件为假 (grade 表中 gradeid 1~5,不存在 999)
SELECT subjectName,GradeID FROM subject WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM grade WHERE GradeID=999);
或
SELECT subjectName,GradeID FROM subject WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM grade WHERE GradeID=1);
子查询(any & all)
ANY :判断条件中,若子查询中任意一个值满足条件,则执行父查询
ALL :判断条件中,若子查询中所有值满足条件,则执行父查询
(1)满足条件:存在 subject.gradeid >= grade.gradeid ,执行父查询
SELECT subjectname,gradeid FROM subject WHERE GradeID >=ANY (SELECT GradeID FROM grade);
(2)不满足条件:所有subject.gradeid >= grade.gradeid ,不执行父查询
SELECT subjectname,gradeid FROM subject WHERE GradeID >=ALL (SELECT GradeID FROM grade);