python中分布式进程的详细介绍（附示例）

(重要的点: ip:port)

# task_master.py

import random
from multiprocessing import freeze_support
from queue import Queue
from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager
# 1. 创建需要的队列
# task_queue：发送任务的队列
# coding=utf-8

import random,time
from queue import Queue
from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager
from multiprocessing import freeze_support

task_queue = Queue() # 发送任务的队列:
result_queue = Queue() # 接收结果的队列:
class QueueManager(BaseManager): # 从BaseManager继承的QueueManager:
 pass
# windows下运行
def return_task_queue():
 global task_queue
 return task_queue # 返回发送任务队列
def return_result_queue ():
 global result_queue
 return result_queue # 返回接收结果队列

def test():
 # 把两个Queue都注册到网络上, callable参数关联了Queue对象,它们用来进行进程间通信，交换对象
 #QueueManager.register('get_task_queue', callable=lambda: task_queue)
 #QueueManager.register('get_result_queue', callable=lambda: result_queue)
 QueueManager.register('get_task_queue', callable=return_task_queue)
 QueueManager.register('get_result_queue', callable=return_result_queue)
 # 绑定端口4000, 设置验证码'sheenstar':
 #manager = QueueManager(address=('', 4000), authkey=b'sheenstar')
 # windows需要写ip地址
 manager = QueueManager(address=('192.168.1.160', 4000), authkey=b'sheenstar')
 manager.start() # 启动Queue:
 # 获得通过网络访问的Queue对象:
 task = manager.get_task_queue()
 result = manager.get_result_queue()
 for i in range(13): # 放几个任务进去:
 n = random.randint(0, 10000)
 print('Put task %d...' % n)
 task.put(n)
 # 从result队列读取结果:
 print('Try get results...')
 for i in range(13):
 r = result.get(timeout=10)
 print('Result: %s' % r)

 # 关闭:
 manager.shutdown()
 print('master exit.')
if __name__=='__main__':
 freeze_support()
 print('start!')
 test()

# coding=utf-8
import time, sys
from queue import Queue
from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager

# 创建类似的QueueManager:
class QueueManager(BaseManager):
 pass

# 由于这个QueueManager只从网络上获取Queue，所以注册时只提供名字:
QueueManager.register('get_task_queue')
QueueManager.register('get_result_queue')

# 连接到服务器，也就是运行task_master.py的机器:
server_addr = '192.168.1.160'
print('Connect to server %s...' % server_addr)
# 端口和验证码注意保持与task_master.py设置的完全一致:
m = QueueManager(address=(server_addr, 4000), authkey=b'sheenstar')
# 从网络连接:
try:
 m.connect()
except:
 print('请先启动task_master.py!')
 #sys.exit("sorry, goodbye!");
# 获取Queue的对象:
task = m.get_task_queue()
result = m.get_result_queue()
# 从task队列取任务,并把结果写入result队列:
for i in range(13):
 try:
 n = task.get()
 print('run task %d * %d...' % (n, n))
 r = '%d * %d = %d' % (n, n, n*n)
 time.sleep(1)
 result.put(r)
 except ConnectionResetError as e:
 print("任务执行结束，自动断开连接")
# 处理结束:
print('worker exit.')