Python实现的简单hangman游戏实例

#!/usr/bin/env python
import random 
import cPickle 
class Hangman(object):
 '''A simple hangman game that tries to improve your vocabulary a bit '''
 def __init__(self):
 # the variables used, this is not necessary
 self.dumpfile = '' #the dictionary file
 self.dictionary = {} #the pickled dict
 self.words = [] #list of words used
 self.secret_word = '' #the 'key'
 self.length = 0 #length of the 'key'
 self.keys = [] #inputs that match the 'key'
 self.used_keys = [] #keys that are already used
 self.guess = '' #player's guess
 self.mistakes = 0 #number of incorrect inputs
 return self.load_dict()
 #insert some random hints for the player
 def insert_random(self, length):
 randint = random.randint
 # 3 hints
 if length >= 7: hint = 3
 else: hint = 1
 for x in xrange(hint):
 a = randint(1, length - 1)
 self.keys[a-1] = self.secret_word[a-1]
 def test_input(self):
 #if the guessed letter matches
 if self.guess in self.secret_word:
 indexes = [i for i, item in enumerate(self.secret_word) if item == self.guess]
 for index in indexes:
 self.keys[index] = self.guess
 self.used_keys.append(self.guess)
 print "used letters ",set(self.used_keys),'
'
 #if the guessed letter didn't match
 else:
 self.used_keys.append(self.guess)
 self.mistakes += 1
 print "used letters ",set(self.used_keys),'
'
 # load the pickled word dictionary and unpickle them 
 def load_dict(self):
 try :
 self.dumpfile = open("~/python/hangman/wordsdict.pkl", "r")
 except IOError:
 print "Couldn't find the file 'wordsdict.pkl'"
 quit()
 self.dictionary = cPickle.load(self.dumpfile)
 self.words = self.dictionary.keys()
 self.dumpfile.close()
 return self.prepare_word()
 #randomly choose a word for the challenge
 def prepare_word(self):
 self.secret_word = random.choice(self.words)
 #don't count trailing spaces
 self.length = len(self.secret_word.rstrip())
 self.keys = ['_' for x in xrange(self.length)]
 self.insert_random(self.length)
 return self.ask()
 #display the challenge
 def ask(self):
 print ' '.join(self.keys), ":", self.dictionary[self.secret_word] 
 print 
 return self.input_loop()
 #take input from the player
 def input_loop(self):
 #four self.mistakes are allowed
 chances = len(set(self.secret_word)) + 4 
 while chances != 0 and self.mistakes < 5:
 try:
 self.guess = raw_input("> ")
 except EOFError:
 exit(1)
 self.test_input()
 print ' '.join(self.keys)
 if '_' not in self.keys:
 print 'well done!'
 break
 chances -= 1
 if self.mistakes > 4: print 'the word was', ''.join(self.secret_word).upper()
 return self.quit_message()
 def quit_message(self):
 print "
"
 print "Press 'c' to continue, or any other key to quit the game. "
 print "You can always quit the game by pressing 'Ctrl+D'"
 try:
 command = raw_input('> ')
 if command == 'c': return self.__init__() #loopback
 else : exit(0)
 except EOFError: exit(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
 game = Hangman()
 game.__init__()