

策略模式是指对一系列的算法定义,并将每一个算法封装起来,而且使它们还可以相互替换。策略模式让算法独立于使用它的客户而独立变化。
策略模式利用组合、委托等技术和思想,可以避免很多if条件语句
策略模式提供了开放-封闭原则,使代码更容易理解和拓展
简单取值
很多例子?以绩效等级和薪资计算奖金为?说明
let calculateBouns = (level,salary)=>{ if(level=='A'){ return salary * 1.4;
}else if(level=='B'){ return salary * 1.3;
}else if(level=='C'){ return salary * 1.2;
}else{ return salary;
}
}console.log(calculateBouns('A', 8000)); //11200console.log(calculateBouns('C', 8000)); //9600策略模式重构
//策略对象class ruleA{ calculate(salary){ return salary * 1.4; }} class ruleB{ calculate(salary){ return salary * 1.3; }} class ruleC{ calculate(salary){ return salary * 1.2; }} //奖金类class Bouns{ constructor(){ this.salary = null; this.level = null; } setLevel(level){ this.level = level; } setSalary(salary){ this.salary = salary; } getBouns(){ return this.level.calculate(this.salary); }}let tom = new Bouns(),jerry = new Bouns();//设置薪资tom.setSalary(8000);jerry.setSalary(10000);//设置策略对象tom.setLevel(new ruleA());jerry.setLevel(new ruleA());console.log(tom.getBouns()); //11200console.log(jerry.getBouns()); //14000jerry.setLevel(new ruleB());console.log(jerry.getBouns()); //13000表单
还有一种?理解策略模式的例子就是表单验证,通常会涉及到多个字段有效性判断
let form = document.getElementById("Form");
form.onsubmit = function(){ if(form.username.value == ''){
alert('用户名不能为空'); return false;
}else if(form.username.value.length <= 6){
alert('用户名长度不能小于6位'); return false;
}else if(form.password.value.length <= 6){
alert('密码长度不能小于6位'); return false;
}else if(!/(^1[3|5|8][0-9]{9}$)/.test(form.phone.value)){
alert("手机号码格式不正确"); return;
}else{
submit();
}
}这样实现的代码的缺点:
函数体积臃肿,包含了很多if判断
函数缺乏弹性,违反了开放-封闭原则
函数复用性差,如果增加表单需要类似验证,只能复制一遍
策略模式实现表单验证
// 策略对象let strategys = { isEmpty: (value,errorMsg)=> { if(value === '') { return errorMsg;
}
}, // 限制最小长度
minLength: (value,length,errorMsg)=> { if(value.length < length) { return errorMsg;
}
}, // 手机号码格式
illegalPhone: (value,errorMsg)=> { if(!/(^1[3|5|8][0-9]{9}$)/.test(value)) { return errorMsg;
}
}
};class Validator{ constructor(){ this.cache = []; //保存校验规则
}
addRule(dom,rules){ var self = this; for(let i = 0, rule; rule = rules[i++]; ){ let strategyAry = rule.strategy.split(":"); let errorMsg = rule.errorMsg;
self.cache.push(function(){ let strategy = strategyAry.shift();
strategyAry.unshift(dom.value);
strategyAry.push(errorMsg); return strategys[strategy].apply(dom,strategyAry);
});
}
}
check(){ for(let i = 0, fn; fn = this.cache[i++]; ) { let msg = fn(); // 开始效验 并取得效验后的返回信息
if(msg) { return msg;
}
}
}
}// 代码调用let form = document.getElementById("Form");let validateFunc = function(){ let validator = new Validator(); // 实例化Validator
//添加一些校验规则
validator.addRule(form.username,[
{strategy: 'isEmpty',errorMsg:'用户名不能为空'},
{strategy: 'minLength:6',errorMsg:'用户名长度不能小于6位'}
]);
validator.addRule(form.password,[
{strategy: 'minLength:6',errorMsg:'密码长度不能小于6位'},
]);
validator.addRule(form.phone,[
{strategy: 'illegalPhone',errorMsg:'手机号格式不正确'},
]); return validator.check();
};
form.onsubmit = function(){ let errorMsg = validateFunc(); if(errorMsg){
alert(errorMsg); return false;
}else{
submit();
}
}策略模式属于对象行为模式,主要针对一组算法,将每一个算法封装到具有共同接口的独立的类中,使得它们可以相互替换。
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